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keel wormseed

wormseed

Habit Plants annual.
Stems

erect to ascending, branched, 3–5.5 dm, pilose with glandular trichomes or sessile glands.

erect to ascending, branched, 3.7–7.5(–10) dm, ± glandular-pubescent, puberulent, or glabrate.

Leaves

aromatic;

petiole 0.5–1.4 cm;

blade ovate to broadly ovate, 0.9–1.6 × 0.8–1.4 cm, somewhat reduced in inflorescence, base cuneate to truncate, apex acute, glandular-puberulose and pilosulose on veins.

malodorous, distal leaves sessile;

petiole 1.4 mm;

blade narrowly ovate to lanceolate, 5–7 × 1.5–3 cm, base cuneate, margins dentate with large, widely spaced teeth, apex acute, gland-dotted (rarely nearly glabrous).

Inflorescences

axillary glomerules;

glomerules subglobose, 1.5–2.5 mm diam.;

bracts leaflike, ovate, 3–5 mm, margins crenate-dentate, apex acute.

terminal and lateral spikes or panicles, 3–8 cm;

glomerules globose, 2.5–3.3 mm diam.;

bracts absent or leaflike, linear, to 2.2 mm, apex acute.

Flowers

perianth segments 5, distinct nearly to base, distinct portions narrow-oblong, prominently keeled especially apically, 0.8–0.9 × 0.3–0.4 mm, apex acute, not crested, covered with septate hairs, becoming coriaceous and white in fruit;

stamens absent or 1;

stigmas 2.

perianth segments 5, connate for ca. 1/2 their length, distinct portion ovate, 0.7 mm, apex obtuse, rounded abaxially, glabrous, covering fruit at maturity;

stamens 5;

stigmas 3.

Achenes

ovoid;

pericarp adherent, membranaceous, slightly rugose.

ovoid;

pericarp nonadherent, smooth, glandular.

Seeds

reddish brown, ovoid, 0.6 × 0.3–0.4 mm, margins keeled over radicle and channeled over cotyledons;

seed coat smooth.

horizontal or vertical, reddish brown, ovoid, 0.6–0.8 × 0.8–1 mm;

seed coat smooth.

Dysphania carinata

Dysphania anthelmintica

Phenology Fruiting fall. Fruiting summer–fall.
Habitat Waste areas on roadsides, sandy soils Sand dunes, pinelands, meadows, roadsides, and other waste areas
Elevation 10-100 m (0-300 ft) 0-1100 m (0-3600 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; TX; native to Australia [Introduced in North America]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; AR; CA; DE; FL; GA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; SC; TX; VA; WV; Mexico; Central America; West Indies; Bermuda
Discussion

Dysphania anthelmintica is cultivated and locally naturalized elsewhere in the world. It is reported to not have leaves (pseudobracts) subtending the glomerules. In fact, it usually has very reduced leaflike bracts that are never longer than the glomerules. This species appears to be the most common representative along the Atlantic and Gulf coasts and is probably native to that region.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 4, p. 274. FNA vol. 4, p. 270.
Parent taxa Chenopodiaceae > Dysphania > sect. Orthospora Chenopodiaceae > Dysphania > sect. Adenois
Sibling taxa
D. ambrosioides, D. anthelmintica, D. aristata, D. botrys, D. chilensis, D. cristata, D. graveolens, D. multifida, D. pumilio
D. ambrosioides, D. aristata, D. botrys, D. carinata, D. chilensis, D. cristata, D. graveolens, D. multifida, D. pumilio
Synonyms Chenopodium carinatum Chenopodium anthelminticum, Chenopodium ambrosioides var. anthelminticum
Name authority (R. Brown) Mosyakin & Clemants: Ukrayins’k. Bot. Zhurn., n. s. 59: 382. (2002) (Linnaeus) Mosyakin & Clemants: Ukrayins’k. Bot. Zhur n., n. s. 59: 382. (2002)
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