Dysphania anthelmintica |
Dysphania graveolens |
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wormseed |
fetid glandular-goosefoot, fetid goosefoot |
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Habit | Plants annual. | |
Stems | erect to ascending, branched, 3.7–7.5(–10) dm, ± glandular-pubescent, puberulent, or glabrate. |
erect, 2.3–5.2 dm, sparsely pubescent with short hairs, these rarely with gland heads. |
Leaves | malodorous, distal leaves sessile; petiole 1.4 mm; blade narrowly ovate to lanceolate, 5–7 × 1.5–3 cm, base cuneate, margins dentate with large, widely spaced teeth, apex acute, gland-dotted (rarely nearly glabrous). |
aromatic; petiole to 1.3 mm; blade 1.7–4.5 × 0.7–2.6 cm, base cuneate, margins pinnatifid or entire (in distal leaves), apex acute to acuminate, mucronate, with sessile glands adaxially. |
Inflorescences | terminal and lateral spikes or panicles, 3–8 cm; glomerules globose, 2.5–3.3 mm diam.; bracts absent or leaflike, linear, to 2.2 mm, apex acute. |
terminal compound cymes, 8.5–22 cm; bracts leaflike, lanceolate, 2.1–10.3 × 0.1–0.6 mm, generally absent in fruit. |
Flowers | perianth segments 5, connate for ca. 1/2 their length, distinct portion ovate, 0.7 mm, apex obtuse, rounded abaxially, glabrous, covering fruit at maturity; stamens 5; stigmas 3. |
perianth segments 5, distinct nearly to base, distinct portion ovate, with large single tubercle abaxially near apex, 0.5–0.7 × 0.35–0.6 mm, apex acuminate, with sessile golden glands, covering seed at maturity; stamens 1(–2); stigmas 2. |
Achenes | ovoid; pericarp nonadherent, smooth, glandular. |
subglobose; pericarp adherent, membranaceous, papillose, becoming rugose, usually white-blotchy. |
Seeds | horizontal or vertical, reddish brown, ovoid, 0.6–0.8 × 0.8–1 mm; seed coat smooth. |
subglobose, 0.6–0.9 × 0.5–0.7 mm, margins rimmed; seed coat rugose. |
Dysphania anthelmintica |
Dysphania graveolens |
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Phenology | Fruiting summer–fall. | Fruiting late summer–fall. |
Habitat | Sand dunes, pinelands, meadows, roadsides, and other waste areas | In shade of pines and junipers or occasionally in open dry plains, ridge tops, or in waste areas in the east |
Elevation | 0-1100 m (0-3600 ft) | 900-2800 m (3000-9200 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CA; DE; FL; GA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; SC; TX; VA; WV; Mexico; Central America; West Indies; Bermuda |
AZ; CO; LA; MA; ME; NM; NY; TX; UT; Mexico; Central America (Guatemala)
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Discussion | Dysphania anthelmintica is cultivated and locally naturalized elsewhere in the world. It is reported to not have leaves (pseudobracts) subtending the glomerules. In fact, it usually has very reduced leaflike bracts that are never longer than the glomerules. This species appears to be the most common representative along the Atlantic and Gulf coasts and is probably native to that region. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Western populations of Dysphania graveolens are native while those populations in the eastern part of the continent are considered introduced. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 4, p. 270. | FNA vol. 4, p. 273. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Chenopodium anthelminticum, Chenopodium ambrosioides var. anthelminticum | Chenopodium graveolens, Chenopodium incisum, Teloxys graveolens |
Name authority | (Linnaeus) Mosyakin & Clemants: Ukrayins’k. Bot. Zhur n., n. s. 59: 382. (2002) | (Willdenow) Mosyakin & Clemants: in & Clemants, Ukrayins’k. Bot. Zhurn., n. s. 59: 383. (2002) |
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