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wormseed

feather-geranium, Jerusalem oak goosefoot, Jerusalem-oak

Habit Plants annual.
Stems

erect to ascending, branched, 3.7–7.5(–10) dm, ± glandular-pubescent, puberulent, or glabrate.

erect to ascending, branched at base to ± simple, 1–6(–10) dm, pubescent with short-stalked glandular hairs.

Leaves

malodorous, distal leaves sessile;

petiole 1.4 mm;

blade narrowly ovate to lanceolate, 5–7 × 1.5–3 cm, base cuneate, margins dentate with large, widely spaced teeth, apex acute, gland-dotted (rarely nearly glabrous).

aromatic;

petiole to 2.5 mm;

blade 1.3–4 × 0.6–2.7 cm, base cuneate, margins lyrate-sinuate, pinnatifid, or occasionally entire (in distal leaves), apex acute to subobtuse, glandular-pubescent abaxially.

Inflorescences

terminal and lateral spikes or panicles, 3–8 cm;

glomerules globose, 2.5–3.3 mm diam.;

bracts absent or leaflike, linear, to 2.2 mm, apex acute.

axillary cymes, often arranged in terminal thyrses, 12–24 cm, subtended by cauline leaves;

bracts absent.

Flowers

perianth segments 5, connate for ca. 1/2 their length, distinct portion ovate, 0.7 mm, apex obtuse, rounded abaxially, glabrous, covering fruit at maturity;

stamens 5;

stigmas 3.

perianth segments 5, distinct nearly to base, distinct portion elliptic or ovate to oblong, 0.7–1.1 × 0.5–0.7 mm, apex acute to obtuse, rounded abaxially, densely glandular-pubescent, covering fruit at maturity;

stamens 1–3(–5);

stigmas 2.

Achenes

ovoid;

pericarp nonadherent, smooth, glandular.

subglobose;

pericarp adherent, membranaceous, papillose, becoming rugose, usually white-blotchy.

Seeds

horizontal or vertical, reddish brown, ovoid, 0.6–0.8 × 0.8–1 mm;

seed coat smooth.

globose to subglobose, (0.5–) 0.6–0.8 × 0.5–0.7 mm, margins rounded (rarely indistinctly furrowed);

seed coat rugose.

2n

= 18.

Dysphania anthelmintica

Dysphania botrys

Phenology Fruiting summer–fall. Fruiting Aug–Oct.
Habitat Sand dunes, pinelands, meadows, roadsides, and other waste areas Sandy or gravelly soils, dry rocky ridges and cliffs, mud flats, waste places
Elevation 0-1100 m (0-3600 ft) 0-2000 m (0-6600 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; CA; DE; FL; GA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; SC; TX; VA; WV; Mexico; Central America; West Indies; Bermuda
from FNA
AZ; CA; CO; CT; DE; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; SD; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; BC; NB; NS; ON; PE; QC; s Europe; s Asia; c Asia; se Asia [Introduced in North America]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Dysphania anthelmintica is cultivated and locally naturalized elsewhere in the world. It is reported to not have leaves (pseudobracts) subtending the glomerules. In fact, it usually has very reduced leaflike bracts that are never longer than the glomerules. This species appears to be the most common representative along the Atlantic and Gulf coasts and is probably native to that region.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Dysphania botrys is related to a species from Africa and southern Eurasia, D. schraderiana (Schultes) Mosyakin & Clemants, which may occur locally in North America as introduced. Dysphania schraderiana has distinctly keeled perianth segments with mostly sessile or subsessile glands. The general inflorescence in D. schraderiana is usually leafy almost to the top, distal cauline leaves are similar to proximal ones (in D. botrys distal leaves are normally much reduced, and the distal portion of the general inflorescence appears nearly leafless). H. A. Wahl (1954) reported that D. schraderiana (as Chenopodium schraderianum) had been grown in Ontario. He did not indicate that it had escaped.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 4, p. 270. FNA vol. 4, p. 272.
Parent taxa Chenopodiaceae > Dysphania > sect. Adenois Chenopodiaceae > Dysphania > sect. Botryoides > subsect. Botrys
Sibling taxa
D. ambrosioides, D. aristata, D. botrys, D. carinata, D. chilensis, D. cristata, D. graveolens, D. multifida, D. pumilio
D. ambrosioides, D. anthelmintica, D. aristata, D. carinata, D. chilensis, D. cristata, D. graveolens, D. multifida, D. pumilio
Synonyms Chenopodium anthelminticum, Chenopodium ambrosioides var. anthelminticum Chenopodium botrys, Teloxys botrys
Name authority (Linnaeus) Mosyakin & Clemants: Ukrayins’k. Bot. Zhur n., n. s. 59: 382. (2002) (Linnaeus) Mosyakin & Clemants: Ukrayins’k. Bot. Zhurn., n. s. 59: 383. (2002)
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