Dysphania ambrosioides |
Dysphania pumilio |
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epazote, Mexican-tea, worm-seed |
Australian goosefoot, clammy glandular-goosefoot, clammy goosefoot, small crumbweed, Tasmanian goosefoot |
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Habit | Plants annual. | |
Stems | erect to ascending, much-branched, 3–10(–15) dm, ± glandular-pubescent. |
prostrate to suberect, much-branched to ± simple, 0.1–4.5 dm, pilose with segmented (uniseriate) hairs and sessile or stipitate glandular hairs. |
Leaves | aromatic, distal leaves sessile; petiole to 18 mm; blade ovate to oblong-lanceolate or lanceolate, proximal ones mostly lanceolate, 2–8(–12) × 0.5–4(–5.5) cm, base cuneate, margins entire, dentate, or laciniate, apex obtuse to attenuate, copiously gland-dotted (rarely glabrous). |
malodorous; petiole 0.3–1.5 cm; blade narrowly to broadly elliptic to ovate, 0.5–2.7 × 0.3–1.5 cm, somewhat reduced in inflorescence, base cuneate, apex obtuse, glandular-pilose. |
Inflorescences | lateral spikes, 3–7 cm; glomerules globose, 1.5–2.3 mm diam.; bracts leaflike, lanceolate, oblanceolate, spatulate, or linear, 0.3–2.5 cm, apex obtuse, acute, or attenuate. |
lateral cymes or glomerules; glomerules subglobose, 1.2–2.5 mm diam.; bracts leaflike, 3–4.5 mm, elliptic, margins crenate-dentate, apex obtuse. |
Flowers | perianth segments 4–5, connate for ca. 1/2 their length, distinct portion ovate, rounded abaxially, 0.7–1 mm, apex obtuse, glandular-pubescent, covering seed at maturity; stamens 4–5; stigmas 3. |
perianth segments 5, distinct nearly to base, distinct portions narrowly elliptic to narrowly oblong, 0.6–0.7 × 0.2–0.3 mm, apex acute, normally rounded abaxially, usually glandular-pilosulose, becoming crustaceous and white in fruit; stamens absent or 1; stigmas 2. |
Achenes | ovoid; pericarp nonadherent, rugose to smooth. |
ovoid; pericarp adherent, membranaceous, slightly rugose. |
Seeds | horizontal or vertical, reddish brown, ovoid, 0.6–1 × 0.4–0.5 mm; seed coat rugose to smooth. |
reddish brown, ovoid, 0.5–0.7 × 0.5–0.6 mm, margins keeled or rounded; seed coat smooth. |
Dysphania ambrosioides |
Dysphania pumilio |
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Phenology | Fruiting summer–fall. | Fruiting late summer–fall. |
Habitat | River bottoms, dry lake beds, flower beds, waste areas | Waste areas on rocky, sandy, or gravelly soils, sidewalks, rare in moist soils in forests |
Elevation | 0-700 m (0-2300 ft) | 0-1200 m (0-3900 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MO; MS; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; ON; QC; native to North America and South America; widely naturalized throughout the tropics and warm-temperate regions of the world
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AR; CA; CT; DC; FL; GA; IL; KS; KY; LA; MA; MO; NJ; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA; WA; WI; Australia [Introduced in North America; introduced in subtropical and warm-temperate regions]
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Discussion | Southern populations of Dysphania ambrosioides are native while those populations in the northern part of the flora area are introduced. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
This species has gone under the misapplied name Chenopodium carinatum R. Brown (now 9. Dysphania carinata). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 4, p. 270. | FNA vol. 4, p. 274. |
Parent taxa | Chenopodiaceae > Dysphania > sect. Adenois | Chenopodiaceae > Dysphania > sect. Orthospora |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Chenopodium ambrosioides, Chenopodium ambrosioides var. suffruticosum, Teloxys ambrosioides | Chenopodium pumilio, Teloxys pumilio |
Name authority | (Linnaeus) Mosyakin & Clemants: Ukrayins’k. Bot. Zhurn., n. s. 59: 382. (2002) | (R. Brown) Mosyakin & Clemants: Ukrayins’k. Bot. Zhurn., n. s. 59: 382. (2002) |
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