FNA: Draba ruaxes vs. Draba viridis

	Draba ruaxes	Draba viridis
	coast mountain Draba, coast mountain whitlow-grass, coast mountain whitlow-grass Draba, Rainier Draba
Habit	Perennials; (cespitose, forming tufts); caudex branched (with persistent leaf bases, branches some terminating in sterile rosettes); scapose.	Perennials; (long-lived, cespitose); caudex simple or branched (densely covered with persistent petioles); not scapose.
Stems	unbranched, 0.2–0.6(–0.8) dm, often pubescent throughout, sometimes glabrate distally, trichomes simple, 0.4–1 mm, and 2–4-rayed, 0.1–0.4 mm.	unbranched or branched, 0.35–3 dm, pubescent throughout, trichomes simple, 0.2–0.8 mm, with short-stalked to subsessile, cruciform ones, 0.05–0.2 mm.
Basal leaves	rosulate; subsessile; petiole base and margin ciliate, (trichomes simple, 0.4–1.4 mm); blade oblanceolate to obovate or suborbicular, 0.3–1 cm × 2–4.5 mm, margins entire, surfaces pubescent, abaxially with stalked, 2–10-rayed, stellate trichomes, 0.2–0.8 mm, adaxially with simple trichomes, 0.4–1 mm, sometimes with smaller, 2–4-rayed ones, (midvein obscure).	rosulate; petiolate; petiole ciliate, (trichomes simple, 0.4–1 mm); blade oblanceolate, 1–6 cm × 2–6 mm, margins usually entire, rarely denticulate, surfaces pubescent with stalked, cruciform trichomes, 0.1–0.5 mm.
Cauline leaves	0.	5–16; sessile; blade ovate to lanceolate or oblong, margins entire or denticulate, surfaces pubescent as basal.
Racemes	(2–)4–10(–14)-flowered, ebracteate, elongated in fruit; rachis not flexuous, pubescent as stem or glabrous.	11–28-flowered, ebracteate, elongated in fruit; rachis not flexuous, pubescent as stem.
Flowers	sepals ovate, 2–3 mm, pubescent, (trichomes simple with fewer, 2-rayed ones); petals bright yellow, obovate, 4–6 × 2–3.5 mm; anthers oblong, 0.4–0.5 mm.	sepals oblong, 2–3 mm, pubescent, (trichomes simple and 2-rayed); petals yellow, oblanceolate, 3.5–5 × 1–1.5 mm; anthers ovate, 0.5–0.6 mm.
Fruiting pedicels	ascending to divaricate-ascending, straight or slightly curved upward, 3–7(–9) mm, pubescent or glabrous, trichomes simple and 2–4-rayed.	divaricate, straight, 4–7 mm, pubescent throughout, trichomes simple (0.1–0.4 mm) and subsessile, 2–4-rayed (0.03–0.25 mm).
Fruits	elliptic to lanceolate or ovate to suborbicular, plane, flattened, 4–8(–10) × 3–4.5 mm; valves puberulent, trichomes simple with fewer 2-rayed ones, 0.1–0.35 mm; ovules 12–16 per ovary; style 0.5–0.9(–1.1) mm.	lanceolate to ovate, often plane, flattened, 3.5–8 × 2–3 mm; valves pubescent, trichomes (vertical), simple and 2–4-rayed, (0.1–)0.3–0.8 mm; ovules 12–20 per ovary; style (1.5–)2–3 mm.
Seeds	oblong, 1.5–2 × 1–1.3 mm.	ovoid, 1.2–1.5 × 0.7–0.9 mm.
2n	= 72.

	Draba ruaxes	Draba viridis
Phenology	Flowering Jun–Jul.	Flowering Aug–Sep.
Habitat	Rock outcrops, talus slopes, ridges, alpine summits	Open stands of pines
Elevation	500-2400 m (1600-7900 ft)	ca. 2600 m (ca. 8500 ft)
Distribution	AK; WA; AB; BC; YT [WildflowerSearch map] [BONAP county map]	AZ; Mexico (Sonora) [BONAP county map]
Discussion	C. L. Hitchcock (1941) treated Draba ruaxes as a variety of D. ventosa; as demonstrated by G. A. Mulligan (1971b), the two are quite distinct. Draba ruaxes is an outcrossing hexaploid with well-formed anthers and pollen, and abundant, simple trichomes on leaves, stems, sepals, and fruits. By contrast, D. ventosa is an apomictic triploid with abortive anthers and/or pollen, and no simple trichomes anywhere on the plant. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)	Of conservation concern. Draba viridis has been reported from the Huachuca and Santa Catalina mountains in southern Arizona, and the adjacent San Jose Mountains in Sonora, Mexico. It was reduced to a variety of D. petrophila by Hitchcock and a form of D. helleriana by O. E. Schulz, but is easily separated from both (I. A. Al-Shehbaz and M. D. Windham 2007). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Source	FNA vol. 7, p. 334.	FNA vol. 7, p. 345.
Parent taxa	Brassicaceae > tribe Arabideae > Draba	Brassicaceae > tribe Arabideae > Draba
Sibling taxa	D. abajoensis, D. albertina, D. aleutica, D. alpina, D. aprica, D. arabisans, D. arctica, D. arctogena, D. argyrea, D. arida, D. asprella, D. asterophora, D. aurea, D. aureola, D. bifurcata, D. borealis, D. brachycarpa, D. brachystylis, D. breweri, D. burkei, D. californica, D. cana, D. carnosula, D. chamissonis, D. cinerea, D. corrugata, D. corymbosa, D. crassa, D. crassifolia, D. cruciata, D. cuneifolia, D. cusickii, D. cyclomorpha, D. daviesiae, D. densifolia, D. exunguiculata, D. fladnizensis, D. glabella, D. globosa, D. graminea, D. grandis, D. grayana, D. heilii, D. helleriana, D. hitchcockii, D. howellii, D. incana, D. incerta, D. incrassata, D. inexpectata, D. jaegeri, D. juvenilis, D. kassii, D. kluanei, D. lactea, D. lemmonii, D. lonchocarpa, D. longisquamosa, D. macounii, D. maguirei, D. malpighiacea, D. micropetala, D. mogollonica, D. monoensis, D. mulliganii, D. murrayi, D. nemorosa, D. nivalis, D. norvegica, D. novolympica, D. oblongata, D. ogilviensis, D. oligosperma, D. oreibata, D. oxycarpa, D. palanderiana, D. pauciflora, D. paucifructa, D. paysonii, D. pectinipila, D. pedicellata, D. pennellii, D. petrophila, D. pilosa, D. platycarpa, D. porsildii, D. praealta, D. pterosperma, D. ramosissima, D. ramulosa, D. rectifructa, D. reptans, D. santaquinensis, D. saxosa, D. scotteri, D. serpentina, D. sharsmithii, D. sibirica, D. sierrae, D. simmonsii, D. smithii, D. sobolifera, D. spectabilis, D. sphaerocarpa, D. sphaeroides, D. standleyi, D. stenoloba, D. stenopetala, D. streptobrachia, D. streptocarpa, D. subalpina, D. subcapitata, D. subumbellata, D. trichocarpa, D. ventosa, D. verna, D. viridis, D. weberi, D. yukonensis, D. zionensis	D. abajoensis, D. albertina, D. aleutica, D. alpina, D. aprica, D. arabisans, D. arctica, D. arctogena, D. argyrea, D. arida, D. asprella, D. asterophora, D. aurea, D. aureola, D. bifurcata, D. borealis, D. brachycarpa, D. brachystylis, D. breweri, D. burkei, D. californica, D. cana, D. carnosula, D. chamissonis, D. cinerea, D. corrugata, D. corymbosa, D. crassa, D. crassifolia, D. cruciata, D. cuneifolia, D. cusickii, D. cyclomorpha, D. daviesiae, D. densifolia, D. exunguiculata, D. fladnizensis, D. glabella, D. globosa, D. graminea, D. grandis, D. grayana, D. heilii, D. helleriana, D. hitchcockii, D. howellii, D. incana, D. incerta, D. incrassata, D. inexpectata, D. jaegeri, D. juvenilis, D. kassii, D. kluanei, D. lactea, D. lemmonii, D. lonchocarpa, D. longisquamosa, D. macounii, D. maguirei, D. malpighiacea, D. micropetala, D. mogollonica, D. monoensis, D. mulliganii, D. murrayi, D. nemorosa, D. nivalis, D. norvegica, D. novolympica, D. oblongata, D. ogilviensis, D. oligosperma, D. oreibata, D. oxycarpa, D. palanderiana, D. pauciflora, D. paucifructa, D. paysonii, D. pectinipila, D. pedicellata, D. pennellii, D. petrophila, D. pilosa, D. platycarpa, D. porsildii, D. praealta, D. pterosperma, D. ramosissima, D. ramulosa, D. rectifructa, D. reptans, D. ruaxes, D. santaquinensis, D. saxosa, D. scotteri, D. serpentina, D. sharsmithii, D. sibirica, D. sierrae, D. simmonsii, D. smithii, D. sobolifera, D. spectabilis, D. sphaerocarpa, D. sphaeroides, D. standleyi, D. stenoloba, D. stenopetala, D. streptobrachia, D. streptocarpa, D. subalpina, D. subcapitata, D. subumbellata, D. trichocarpa, D. ventosa, D. verna, D. weberi, D. yukonensis, D. zionensis
Synonyms	D. ventosa var. ruaxes	D. petrophila var. viridis
Name authority	Payson & H. St. John: Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 43: 117. (1930)	A. Heller: Muhlenbergia 1: 27. (1901)
Web links	Local floras: BC, WA Local Web sites: Flora NW, PNW Herbaria WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search	WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search

Draba viridis

coast mountain Draba, coast mountain whitlow-grass, coast mountain whitlow-grass Draba, Rainier Draba

Habit

Perennials; (cespitose, forming tufts); caudex branched (with persistent leaf bases, branches some terminating in sterile rosettes); scapose.

Perennials; (long-lived, cespitose); caudex simple or branched (densely covered with persistent petioles); not scapose.

Stems

unbranched, 0.2–0.6(–0.8) dm, often pubescent throughout, sometimes glabrate distally, trichomes simple, 0.4–1 mm, and 2–4-rayed, 0.1–0.4 mm.

unbranched or branched, 0.35–3 dm, pubescent throughout, trichomes simple, 0.2–0.8 mm, with short-stalked to subsessile, cruciform ones, 0.05–0.2 mm.

Basal leaves

rosulate;

subsessile;

petiole base and margin ciliate, (trichomes simple, 0.4–1.4 mm);

blade oblanceolate to obovate or suborbicular, 0.3–1 cm × 2–4.5 mm, margins entire, surfaces pubescent, abaxially with stalked, 2–10-rayed, stellate trichomes, 0.2–0.8 mm, adaxially with simple trichomes, 0.4–1 mm, sometimes with smaller, 2–4-rayed ones, (midvein obscure).

rosulate; petiolate;

petiole ciliate, (trichomes simple, 0.4–1 mm);

blade oblanceolate, 1–6 cm × 2–6 mm, margins usually entire, rarely denticulate, surfaces pubescent with stalked, cruciform trichomes, 0.1–0.5 mm.

Cauline leaves

5–16;

sessile;

blade ovate to lanceolate or oblong, margins entire or denticulate, surfaces pubescent as basal.

Racemes

(2–)4–10(–14)-flowered, ebracteate, elongated in fruit;

rachis not flexuous, pubescent as stem or glabrous.

11–28-flowered, ebracteate, elongated in fruit;

rachis not flexuous, pubescent as stem.

Flowers

sepals ovate, 2–3 mm, pubescent, (trichomes simple with fewer, 2-rayed ones);

petals bright yellow, obovate, 4–6 × 2–3.5 mm;

anthers oblong, 0.4–0.5 mm.

sepals oblong, 2–3 mm, pubescent, (trichomes simple and 2-rayed);

petals yellow, oblanceolate, 3.5–5 × 1–1.5 mm;

anthers ovate, 0.5–0.6 mm.

Fruiting pedicels

ascending to divaricate-ascending, straight or slightly curved upward, 3–7(–9) mm, pubescent or glabrous, trichomes simple and 2–4-rayed.

divaricate, straight, 4–7 mm, pubescent throughout, trichomes simple (0.1–0.4 mm) and subsessile, 2–4-rayed (0.03–0.25 mm).

Fruits

elliptic to lanceolate or ovate to suborbicular, plane, flattened, 4–8(–10) × 3–4.5 mm;

valves puberulent, trichomes simple with fewer 2-rayed ones, 0.1–0.35 mm;

ovules 12–16 per ovary;

style 0.5–0.9(–1.1) mm.

lanceolate to ovate, often plane, flattened, 3.5–8 × 2–3 mm;

valves pubescent, trichomes (vertical), simple and 2–4-rayed, (0.1–)0.3–0.8 mm;

ovules 12–20 per ovary;

style (1.5–)2–3 mm.

Seeds

oblong, 1.5–2 × 1–1.3 mm.

ovoid, 1.2–1.5 × 0.7–0.9 mm.

= 72.

Draba ruaxes

Draba viridis

Phenology

Flowering Jun–Jul.

Flowering Aug–Sep.

Habitat

Rock outcrops, talus slopes, ridges, alpine summits

Open stands of pines

Elevation

500-2400 m (1600-7900 ft)

ca. 2600 m (ca. 8500 ft)

Distribution

AK; WA; AB; BC; YT

[WildflowerSearch map]

[BONAP county map]

AZ; Mexico (Sonora)

[BONAP county map]

Discussion

C. L. Hitchcock (1941) treated Draba ruaxes as a variety of D. ventosa; as demonstrated by G. A. Mulligan (1971b), the two are quite distinct. Draba ruaxes is an outcrossing hexaploid with well-formed anthers and pollen, and abundant, simple trichomes on leaves, stems, sepals, and fruits. By contrast, D. ventosa is an apomictic triploid with abortive anthers and/or pollen, and no simple trichomes anywhere on the plant.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Of conservation concern.

Draba viridis has been reported from the Huachuca and Santa Catalina mountains in southern Arizona, and the adjacent San Jose Mountains in Sonora, Mexico. It was reduced to a variety of D. petrophila by Hitchcock and a form of D. helleriana by O. E. Schulz, but is easily separated from both (I. A. Al-Shehbaz and M. D. Windham 2007).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source

FNA vol. 7, p. 334.

FNA vol. 7, p. 345.

Parent taxa

Brassicaceae > tribe Arabideae > Draba

Sibling taxa

D. abajoensis, D. albertina, D. aleutica, D. alpina, D. aprica, D. arabisans, D. arctica, D. arctogena, D. argyrea, D. arida, D. asprella, D. asterophora, D. aurea, D. aureola, D. bifurcata, D. borealis, D. brachycarpa, D. brachystylis, D. breweri, D. burkei, D. californica, D. cana, D. carnosula, D. chamissonis, D. cinerea, D. corrugata, D. corymbosa, D. crassa, D. crassifolia, D. cruciata, D. cuneifolia, D. cusickii, D. cyclomorpha, D. daviesiae, D. densifolia, D. exunguiculata, D. fladnizensis, D. glabella, D. globosa, D. graminea, D. grandis, D. grayana, D. heilii, D. helleriana, D. hitchcockii, D. howellii, D. incana, D. incerta, D. incrassata, D. inexpectata, D. jaegeri, D. juvenilis, D. kassii, D. kluanei, D. lactea, D. lemmonii, D. lonchocarpa, D. longisquamosa, D. macounii, D. maguirei, D. malpighiacea, D. micropetala, D. mogollonica, D. monoensis, D. mulliganii, D. murrayi, D. nemorosa, D. nivalis, D. norvegica, D. novolympica, D. oblongata, D. ogilviensis, D. oligosperma, D. oreibata, D. oxycarpa, D. palanderiana, D. pauciflora, D. paucifructa, D. paysonii, D. pectinipila, D. pedicellata, D. pennellii, D. petrophila, D. pilosa, D. platycarpa, D. porsildii, D. praealta, D. pterosperma, D. ramosissima, D. ramulosa, D. rectifructa, D. reptans, D. santaquinensis, D. saxosa, D. scotteri, D. serpentina, D. sharsmithii, D. sibirica, D. sierrae, D. simmonsii, D. smithii, D. sobolifera, D. spectabilis, D. sphaerocarpa, D. sphaeroides, D. standleyi, D. stenoloba, D. stenopetala, D. streptobrachia, D. streptocarpa, D. subalpina, D. subcapitata, D. subumbellata, D. trichocarpa, D. ventosa, D. verna, D. viridis, D. weberi, D. yukonensis, D. zionensis

D. abajoensis, D. albertina, D. aleutica, D. alpina, D. aprica, D. arabisans, D. arctica, D. arctogena, D. argyrea, D. arida, D. asprella, D. asterophora, D. aurea, D. aureola, D. bifurcata, D. borealis, D. brachycarpa, D. brachystylis, D. breweri, D. burkei, D. californica, D. cana, D. carnosula, D. chamissonis, D. cinerea, D. corrugata, D. corymbosa, D. crassa, D. crassifolia, D. cruciata, D. cuneifolia, D. cusickii, D. cyclomorpha, D. daviesiae, D. densifolia, D. exunguiculata, D. fladnizensis, D. glabella, D. globosa, D. graminea, D. grandis, D. grayana, D. heilii, D. helleriana, D. hitchcockii, D. howellii, D. incana, D. incerta, D. incrassata, D. inexpectata, D. jaegeri, D. juvenilis, D. kassii, D. kluanei, D. lactea, D. lemmonii, D. lonchocarpa, D. longisquamosa, D. macounii, D. maguirei, D. malpighiacea, D. micropetala, D. mogollonica, D. monoensis, D. mulliganii, D. murrayi, D. nemorosa, D. nivalis, D. norvegica, D. novolympica, D. oblongata, D. ogilviensis, D. oligosperma, D. oreibata, D. oxycarpa, D. palanderiana, D. pauciflora, D. paucifructa, D. paysonii, D. pectinipila, D. pedicellata, D. pennellii, D. petrophila, D. pilosa, D. platycarpa, D. porsildii, D. praealta, D. pterosperma, D. ramosissima, D. ramulosa, D. rectifructa, D. reptans, D. ruaxes, D. santaquinensis, D. saxosa, D. scotteri, D. serpentina, D. sharsmithii, D. sibirica, D. sierrae, D. simmonsii, D. smithii, D. sobolifera, D. spectabilis, D. sphaerocarpa, D. sphaeroides, D. standleyi, D. stenoloba, D. stenopetala, D. streptobrachia, D. streptocarpa, D. subalpina, D. subcapitata, D. subumbellata, D. trichocarpa, D. ventosa, D. verna, D. weberi, D. yukonensis, D. zionensis

Synonyms

D. ventosa var. ruaxes

D. petrophila var. viridis

Name authority

Payson & H. St. John: Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 43: 117. (1930)

A. Heller: Muhlenbergia 1: 27. (1901)

Web links

Unless otherwise noted, all data comes from the online version of the Flora of North America, who have made most of their content available via a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0).

Choose a data source: Flora of North America, UW Burke Herbarium

The species comparison tool is brought to you by:

Flora of North America species comparison

Draba ruaxes

Draba viridis

Draba ruaxes

Draba viridis