Flora of North America species comparison

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Draba norvegica

Draba praealta

Norwegian Draba

Draba, tall Draba, tall whitlow-grass, tall whitlow-grass Draba
Habit Perennials; (cespitose); caudex branched (sometimes with persistent leaf remains); often scapose. Annuals or perennials; (short-lived); caudex simple or branched; not scapose.
Stems

branched or unbranched, (0.2–)0.4–1.4(–2) dm, pubescent throughout, trichomes simple and 2–4-rayed, 0.2–0.5 mm.

branched or unbranched, (0.5–)0.8–3.2(–3.8) dm, pubescent throughout, trichomes 3–5-rayed, 0.1–0.4 mm, with simple and 2-rayed ones, 0.4–1 mm.
Basal leaves

rosulate;

petiolate;

petiole (0–0.5 cm), ciliate throughout;

blade oblanceolate to narrowly obovate or narrowly lanceolate, 0.4–2.1 cm × 1.5–7 mm, margins with 1–3 teeth on each side, (ciliate, trichomes simple and 2-rayed, 0.2–0.8 mm), surfaces pubescent abaxially with stalked, (2–)4(–6)-rayed trichomes, 0.1–0.4 mm, adaxially glabrous or pubescent, with simple and stalked, 2-rayed trichomes, 0.1–0.5 mm.

rosulate;

subsessile;

petiole base ciliate, (trichomes simple and 2-rayed, 0.2–0.8 mm);

blade oblanceolate, (0.7–)1–3.5(–4.5) cm × 1.5–7(–9) mm, margins usually dentate, rarely entire, surfaces pubescent, abaxially with stalked, 3–6-rayed trichomes, 0.1–0.5 mm, adaxially with stalked, 3–5-rayed, 0.1–0.6 mm, and simple ones, to 0.8 mm.
Cauline leaves

0–3(–5);

sessile;

blade ovate to oblong, margins often dentate, (ciliate).

(1 or) 2–5(–9);

sessile;

blade ovate to lanceolate, margins dentate or entire, surfaces pubescent as basal.
Racemes

5–23-flowered, ebracteate or proximalmost 1(–3) flowers bracteate, considerably elongated in fruit;

rachis slightly or not flexuous, pubescent as stem.

(5–)8–30(–37)-flowered, ebracteate, elongated in fruit;

rachis not flexuous, pubescent as stem.
Flowers

sepals ovate, 1.7–2.5 mm, pubescent, (trichomes simple and short-stalked, 2–4-rayed);

petals white, spatulate, 2.5–4 × 1.7–2.5 mm;

anthers ovate, 0.3–0.4 mm.

(late-season ones petaliferous);

sepals ovate, 1.7–2.5 mm, pubescent, (trichomes simple and stalked, 2-rayed);

petals white, oblanceolate to spatulate, 2.8–3.5(–4) × 0.8–1.2 mm;

anthers ovate, 0.2–0.3 mm.
Fruiting pedicels

suberect to ascending (often appressed to rachis), straight, (1.5–)2.5–5(–9) mm, pubescent, trichomes simple and 2–4-rayed.

divaricate-ascending to ascending or suberect (not appressed to rachis), straight, (3–)4–10(–12) mm, pubescent, trichomes 3–5-rayed (0.1–0.4 mm), and sometimes simple.
Fruits

(sometimes subappressed to rachis), oblong to lanceolate-elliptic, plane, flattened, 4–8 × 2–3 mm;

valves glabrous or pubescent, trichomes simple and short-stalked, 2-rayed, 0.05–0.25 mm;

ovules 18–26 per ovary;

style (0.01–)0.1–0.4(–0.5) mm, (glabrous, stigma about as wide as style).

(erect, not appressed to rachis) lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, plane, flattened, (5–)7–12(–15) × 1.5–2.5(–3) mm;

valves puberulent, trichomes simple and short-stalked, 2–4-rayed, 0.05–0.25 mm;

ovules (24–)30–52 per ovary;

style 0.03–0.1(0.15) mm.
Seeds

oblong, 0.9–1.2 × 0.5–0.7 mm.

oblong, 0.8–1.1 × 0.5–0.6 mm, (often apiculate).
2n

= 48.

= 56.

Draba norvegica

Draba praealta
Phenology Flowering Jun–Aug. Flowering Jun–Aug.
Habitat Rock outcrops and sea cliffs, talus, gravelly and sandy terraces, moist bluffs, turfy limestone shores Rocky pine slopes, subalpine areas, alpine meadows, grassy volcanic ridges, woodlands, damp rocky areas, limestone talus, shale cliffs, steep hillsides
Elevation 0-500 m (0-1600 ft) 1200-2900 m (3900-9500 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
NL; NS; NT; QC; Greenland; Europe (Finland, Norway, n Russia, Scotland, Sweden); Atlantic Islands (Iceland)
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; ID; MT; NV; OR; WA; WY; AB; BC; NT; YT; e Asia (Russian Far East [Chukchi Peninsula])
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Draba norvegica is a highly variable hexaploid taxon and, as delimited herein, it probably represents two taxa with the same distribution and same chromosome number. It is related to hexaploid D. arctogena, from which it is distinguished by characteristics listed under 8. D. arctogena.

Draba norvegica was divided by O. E. Schulz (1927) into eight varieties, whereas R. C. Rollins (1993) recognized just two. In the latter treatment, var. clivicola is distinguished by having predominantly branched, appressed trichomes on stems proximally, lanceolate, glabrous fruits, and slender, erect-appressed pedicels. By contrast, var. norvegica is said to have predominantly simple, spreading trichomes on stems proximally, narrowly ovate to elliptical, glabrous or pubescent fruits, and stout, divaricately ascending pedicels. These differences are extremes of a continuum, and we agree with G. A. Mulligan (1970) in reducing D. clivicola to synonymy of D. norvegica. Rollins indicated that D. norvegica grows in Minnesota, but we have not seen any material from that state.

Draba norvegica is found in Europe in arctic and subarctic areas.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Morphological and chromosomal evidence (M. D. Windham, unpubl.) suggests that Draba praealta may be an allopolyploid originating through hybridization between D. albertina and D. cana. Both R. C. Rollins (1993) and N. H. Holmgren (2005b) placed D. lonchocarpa var. dasycarpa in the synonymy of D. lonchocarpa. G. A. Mulligan (1974) indicated that the type of var. dasycarpa does not belong to that species and he correctly annotated its isotype (Macoun 64454, CAN) as D. praealta. Mulligan (1976) and Rollins indicated that D. praealta occurs in Alaska, but we have not seen unequivocal material from the state.

We have not seen the material on which A. E. Katenin and V. V. Petrovsky (1995) based their record from the Russian Far East.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Source FNA vol. 7, p. 322. FNA vol. 7, p. 331.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Arabideae > Draba Brassicaceae > tribe Arabideae > Draba
Sibling taxa
D. abajoensis, D. albertina, D. aleutica, D. alpina, D. aprica, D. arabisans, D. arctica, D. arctogena, D. argyrea, D. arida, D. asprella, D. asterophora, D. aurea, D. aureola, D. bifurcata, D. borealis, D. brachycarpa, D. brachystylis, D. breweri, D. burkei, D. californica, D. cana, D. carnosula, D. chamissonis, D. cinerea, D. corrugata, D. corymbosa, D. crassa, D. crassifolia, D. cruciata, D. cuneifolia, D. cusickii, D. cyclomorpha, D. daviesiae, D. densifolia, D. exunguiculata, D. fladnizensis, D. glabella, D. globosa, D. graminea, D. grandis, D. grayana, D. heilii, D. helleriana, D. hitchcockii, D. howellii, D. incana, D. incerta, D. incrassata, D. inexpectata, D. jaegeri, D. juvenilis, D. kassii, D. kluanei, D. lactea, D. lemmonii, D. lonchocarpa, D. longisquamosa, D. macounii, D. maguirei, D. malpighiacea, D. micropetala, D. mogollonica, D. monoensis, D. mulliganii, D. murrayi, D. nemorosa, D. nivalis, D. novolympica, D. oblongata, D. ogilviensis, D. oligosperma, D. oreibata, D. oxycarpa, D. palanderiana, D. pauciflora, D. paucifructa, D. paysonii, D. pectinipila, D. pedicellata, D. pennellii, D. petrophila, D. pilosa, D. platycarpa, D. porsildii, D. praealta, D. pterosperma, D. ramosissima, D. ramulosa, D. rectifructa, D. reptans, D. ruaxes, D. santaquinensis, D. saxosa, D. scotteri, D. serpentina, D. sharsmithii, D. sibirica, D. sierrae, D. simmonsii, D. smithii, D. sobolifera, D. spectabilis, D. sphaerocarpa, D. sphaeroides, D. standleyi, D. stenoloba, D. stenopetala, D. streptobrachia, D. streptocarpa, D. subalpina, D. subcapitata, D. subumbellata, D. trichocarpa, D. ventosa, D. verna, D. viridis, D. weberi, D. yukonensis, D. zionensis
D. abajoensis, D. albertina, D. aleutica, D. alpina, D. aprica, D. arabisans, D. arctica, D. arctogena, D. argyrea, D. arida, D. asprella, D. asterophora, D. aurea, D. aureola, D. bifurcata, D. borealis, D. brachycarpa, D. brachystylis, D. breweri, D. burkei, D. californica, D. cana, D. carnosula, D. chamissonis, D. cinerea, D. corrugata, D. corymbosa, D. crassa, D. crassifolia, D. cruciata, D. cuneifolia, D. cusickii, D. cyclomorpha, D. daviesiae, D. densifolia, D. exunguiculata, D. fladnizensis, D. glabella, D. globosa, D. graminea, D. grandis, D. grayana, D. heilii, D. helleriana, D. hitchcockii, D. howellii, D. incana, D. incerta, D. incrassata, D. inexpectata, D. jaegeri, D. juvenilis, D. kassii, D. kluanei, D. lactea, D. lemmonii, D. lonchocarpa, D. longisquamosa, D. macounii, D. maguirei, D. malpighiacea, D. micropetala, D. mogollonica, D. monoensis, D. mulliganii, D. murrayi, D. nemorosa, D. nivalis, D. norvegica, D. novolympica, D. oblongata, D. ogilviensis, D. oligosperma, D. oreibata, D. oxycarpa, D. palanderiana, D. pauciflora, D. paucifructa, D. paysonii, D. pectinipila, D. pedicellata, D. pennellii, D. petrophila, D. pilosa, D. platycarpa, D. porsildii, D. pterosperma, D. ramosissima, D. ramulosa, D. rectifructa, D. reptans, D. ruaxes, D. santaquinensis, D. saxosa, D. scotteri, D. serpentina, D. sharsmithii, D. sibirica, D. sierrae, D. simmonsii, D. smithii, D. sobolifera, D. spectabilis, D. sphaerocarpa, D. sphaeroides, D. standleyi, D. stenoloba, D. stenopetala, D. streptobrachia, D. streptocarpa, D. subalpina, D. subcapitata, D. subumbellata, D. trichocarpa, D. ventosa, D. verna, D. viridis, D. weberi, D. yukonensis, D. zionensis
Synonyms D. clivicola, D. hirta var. norvegica, D. norvegica var. clivicola, D. norvegica var. hebecarpa, D. rupestris, D. scandinavica var. hebecarpa, D. trichella D. cascadensis, D. columbiana, D. dolichopoda, D. lapilutea, D. lonchocarpa var. dasycarpa, D. praealta var. yellowstonensis, D. yellowstonensis
Name authority Gunnerus: Fl. Norveg. 2: 106. (1772) Greene: Pittonia 3: 306. (1898)
Web links 
Unless otherwise noted, all data comes from the online version of the Flora of North America, who have made most of their content available via a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0).



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