FNA: Draba norvegica vs. Draba aleutica

	Draba norvegica	Draba aleutica
	Norwegian Draba	Aleutian Draba
Habit	Perennials; (cespitose); caudex branched (sometimes with persistent leaf remains); often scapose.	Perennials; (densely matted); caudex branched (with persistent leaf remains, some branches terminating in sterile rosettes); scapose.
Stems	branched or unbranched, (0.2–)0.4–1.4(–2) dm, pubescent throughout, trichomes simple and 2–4-rayed, 0.2–0.5 mm.	unbranched, 0.04–0.4 dm, usually pubescent throughout, sometimes glabrous basally, trichomes simple, 0.1–1 mm, with 2-rayed ones.
Basal leaves	rosulate; petiolate; petiole (0–0.5 cm), ciliate throughout; blade oblanceolate to narrowly obovate or narrowly lanceolate, 0.4–2.1 cm × 1.5–7 mm, margins with 1–3 teeth on each side, (ciliate, trichomes simple and 2-rayed, 0.2–0.8 mm), surfaces pubescent abaxially with stalked, (2–)4(–6)-rayed trichomes, 0.1–0.4 mm, adaxially glabrous or pubescent, with simple and stalked, 2-rayed trichomes, 0.1–0.5 mm.	(densely imbricate); rosulate; petiolate; petiole base and margin ciliate, (trichomes simple, to 1.4 mm); blade oblanceolate to spatulate or obovate, 0.4–0.8(–1) cm × 2–3.5(–4.5) mm, margins entire, surfaces usually sparsely to densely pilose with simple trichomes, to 1.4 mm, with much fewer, stalked, 2-rayed ones, (sometimes surfaces glabrous, or adaxially only, midvein obscure abaxially).
Cauline leaves	0–3(–5); sessile; blade ovate to oblong, margins often dentate, (ciliate).	0.
Racemes	5–23-flowered, ebracteate or proximalmost 1(–3) flowers bracteate, considerably elongated in fruit; rachis slightly or not flexuous, pubescent as stem.	(1 or) 2–5(–9)-flowered, ebracteate, not or slightly elongated in fruit; rachis not flexuous, pubescent as stem.
Flowers	sepals ovate, 1.7–2.5 mm, pubescent, (trichomes simple and short-stalked, 2–4-rayed); petals white, spatulate, 2.5–4 × 1.7–2.5 mm; anthers ovate, 0.3–0.4 mm.	sepals oblong, 2–3 mm, glabrous or sparsely pubescent, (trichomes simple); petals yellowish green to pale yellow, linear-oblanceolate, 3–4 × 0.5–0.8 mm; anthers oblong, 0.4–0.5 mm.
Fruiting pedicels	suberect to ascending (often appressed to rachis), straight, (1.5–)2.5–5(–9) mm, pubescent, trichomes simple and 2–4-rayed.	divaricate, straight, 1.5–4(–6) mm, pubescent, trichomes simple with fewer, 2-rayed, stalked ones.
Fruits	(sometimes subappressed to rachis), oblong to lanceolate-elliptic, plane, flattened, 4–8 × 2–3 mm; valves glabrous or pubescent, trichomes simple and short-stalked, 2-rayed, 0.05–0.25 mm; ovules 18–26 per ovary; style (0.01–)0.1–0.4(–0.5) mm, (glabrous, stigma about as wide as style).	broadly obovoid to subglobose, plane, slightly flattened, 3–5 × 3–4.5 mm; valves glabrous or pubescent, trichomes simple, 0.1–0.3 mm; ovules 4–8 per ovary; style 0.1–0.4 mm.
Seeds	oblong, 0.9–1.2 × 0.5–0.7 mm.	oblong, (slightly flattened), 1.4–1.8 × 0.9–1.1 mm.
2n	= 48.

	Draba norvegica	Draba aleutica
Phenology	Flowering Jun–Aug.	Flowering May–Jul.
Habitat	Rock outcrops and sea cliffs, talus, gravelly and sandy terraces, moist bluffs, turfy limestone shores	Gravelly soil, retreating snow banks, fellfields
Elevation	0-500 m (0-1600 ft)	200-400 m (700-1300 ft)
Distribution	NL; NS; NT; QC; Greenland; Europe (Finland, Norway, n Russia, Scotland, Sweden); Atlantic Islands (Iceland) [BONAP county map]	AK; e Asia (Russian Far East) [BONAP county map]
Discussion	Draba norvegica is a highly variable hexaploid taxon and, as delimited herein, it probably represents two taxa with the same distribution and same chromosome number. It is related to hexaploid D. arctogena, from which it is distinguished by characteristics listed under 8. D. arctogena. Draba norvegica was divided by O. E. Schulz (1927) into eight varieties, whereas R. C. Rollins (1993) recognized just two. In the latter treatment, var. clivicola is distinguished by having predominantly branched, appressed trichomes on stems proximally, lanceolate, glabrous fruits, and slender, erect-appressed pedicels. By contrast, var. norvegica is said to have predominantly simple, spreading trichomes on stems proximally, narrowly ovate to elliptical, glabrous or pubescent fruits, and stout, divaricately ascending pedicels. These differences are extremes of a continuum, and we agree with G. A. Mulligan (1970) in reducing D. clivicola to synonymy of D. norvegica. Rollins indicated that D. norvegica grows in Minnesota, but we have not seen any material from that state. Draba norvegica is found in Europe in arctic and subarctic areas. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)	Of conservation concern. Draba aleutica is known in the flora area from the Aleutian Islands (e.g., Atka, Attu) and on the Pribilov Islands (St. Paul), as well as in the Alaskan Peninsula near Ugashik. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Source	FNA vol. 7, p. 322.	FNA vol. 7, p. 289.
Parent taxa	Brassicaceae > tribe Arabideae > Draba	Brassicaceae > tribe Arabideae > Draba
Sibling taxa	D. abajoensis, D. albertina, D. aleutica, D. alpina, D. aprica, D. arabisans, D. arctica, D. arctogena, D. argyrea, D. arida, D. asprella, D. asterophora, D. aurea, D. aureola, D. bifurcata, D. borealis, D. brachycarpa, D. brachystylis, D. breweri, D. burkei, D. californica, D. cana, D. carnosula, D. chamissonis, D. cinerea, D. corrugata, D. corymbosa, D. crassa, D. crassifolia, D. cruciata, D. cuneifolia, D. cusickii, D. cyclomorpha, D. daviesiae, D. densifolia, D. exunguiculata, D. fladnizensis, D. glabella, D. globosa, D. graminea, D. grandis, D. grayana, D. heilii, D. helleriana, D. hitchcockii, D. howellii, D. incana, D. incerta, D. incrassata, D. inexpectata, D. jaegeri, D. juvenilis, D. kassii, D. kluanei, D. lactea, D. lemmonii, D. lonchocarpa, D. longisquamosa, D. macounii, D. maguirei, D. malpighiacea, D. micropetala, D. mogollonica, D. monoensis, D. mulliganii, D. murrayi, D. nemorosa, D. nivalis, D. novolympica, D. oblongata, D. ogilviensis, D. oligosperma, D. oreibata, D. oxycarpa, D. palanderiana, D. pauciflora, D. paucifructa, D. paysonii, D. pectinipila, D. pedicellata, D. pennellii, D. petrophila, D. pilosa, D. platycarpa, D. porsildii, D. praealta, D. pterosperma, D. ramosissima, D. ramulosa, D. rectifructa, D. reptans, D. ruaxes, D. santaquinensis, D. saxosa, D. scotteri, D. serpentina, D. sharsmithii, D. sibirica, D. sierrae, D. simmonsii, D. smithii, D. sobolifera, D. spectabilis, D. sphaerocarpa, D. sphaeroides, D. standleyi, D. stenoloba, D. stenopetala, D. streptobrachia, D. streptocarpa, D. subalpina, D. subcapitata, D. subumbellata, D. trichocarpa, D. ventosa, D. verna, D. viridis, D. weberi, D. yukonensis, D. zionensis	D. abajoensis, D. albertina, D. alpina, D. aprica, D. arabisans, D. arctica, D. arctogena, D. argyrea, D. arida, D. asprella, D. asterophora, D. aurea, D. aureola, D. bifurcata, D. borealis, D. brachycarpa, D. brachystylis, D. breweri, D. burkei, D. californica, D. cana, D. carnosula, D. chamissonis, D. cinerea, D. corrugata, D. corymbosa, D. crassa, D. crassifolia, D. cruciata, D. cuneifolia, D. cusickii, D. cyclomorpha, D. daviesiae, D. densifolia, D. exunguiculata, D. fladnizensis, D. glabella, D. globosa, D. graminea, D. grandis, D. grayana, D. heilii, D. helleriana, D. hitchcockii, D. howellii, D. incana, D. incerta, D. incrassata, D. inexpectata, D. jaegeri, D. juvenilis, D. kassii, D. kluanei, D. lactea, D. lemmonii, D. lonchocarpa, D. longisquamosa, D. macounii, D. maguirei, D. malpighiacea, D. micropetala, D. mogollonica, D. monoensis, D. mulliganii, D. murrayi, D. nemorosa, D. nivalis, D. norvegica, D. novolympica, D. oblongata, D. ogilviensis, D. oligosperma, D. oreibata, D. oxycarpa, D. palanderiana, D. pauciflora, D. paucifructa, D. paysonii, D. pectinipila, D. pedicellata, D. pennellii, D. petrophila, D. pilosa, D. platycarpa, D. porsildii, D. praealta, D. pterosperma, D. ramosissima, D. ramulosa, D. rectifructa, D. reptans, D. ruaxes, D. santaquinensis, D. saxosa, D. scotteri, D. serpentina, D. sharsmithii, D. sibirica, D. sierrae, D. simmonsii, D. smithii, D. sobolifera, D. spectabilis, D. sphaerocarpa, D. sphaeroides, D. standleyi, D. stenoloba, D. stenopetala, D. streptobrachia, D. streptocarpa, D. subalpina, D. subcapitata, D. subumbellata, D. trichocarpa, D. ventosa, D. verna, D. viridis, D. weberi, D. yukonensis, D. zionensis
Synonyms	D. clivicola, D. hirta var. norvegica, D. norvegica var. clivicola, D. norvegica var. hebecarpa, D. rupestris, D. scandinavica var. hebecarpa, D. trichella	D. behringii
Name authority	Gunnerus: Fl. Norveg. 2: 106. (1772)	Ekman: Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 30: 522, figs. 3c,d. (1936)
Web links	WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search	WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search

Draba aleutica

Norwegian Draba

Aleutian Draba

Habit

Perennials; (cespitose); caudex branched (sometimes with persistent leaf remains); often scapose.

Perennials; (densely matted); caudex branched (with persistent leaf remains, some branches terminating in sterile rosettes); scapose.

Stems

branched or unbranched, (0.2–)0.4–1.4(–2) dm, pubescent throughout, trichomes simple and 2–4-rayed, 0.2–0.5 mm.

unbranched, 0.04–0.4 dm, usually pubescent throughout, sometimes glabrous basally, trichomes simple, 0.1–1 mm, with 2-rayed ones.

Basal leaves

rosulate;

petiolate;

petiole (0–0.5 cm), ciliate throughout;

blade oblanceolate to narrowly obovate or narrowly lanceolate, 0.4–2.1 cm × 1.5–7 mm, margins with 1–3 teeth on each side, (ciliate, trichomes simple and 2-rayed, 0.2–0.8 mm), surfaces pubescent abaxially with stalked, (2–)4(–6)-rayed trichomes, 0.1–0.4 mm, adaxially glabrous or pubescent, with simple and stalked, 2-rayed trichomes, 0.1–0.5 mm.

(densely imbricate); rosulate;

petiolate;

petiole base and margin ciliate, (trichomes simple, to 1.4 mm);

blade oblanceolate to spatulate or obovate, 0.4–0.8(–1) cm × 2–3.5(–4.5) mm, margins entire, surfaces usually sparsely to densely pilose with simple trichomes, to 1.4 mm, with much fewer, stalked, 2-rayed ones, (sometimes surfaces glabrous, or adaxially only, midvein obscure abaxially).

Cauline leaves

0–3(–5);

sessile;

blade ovate to oblong, margins often dentate, (ciliate).

Racemes

5–23-flowered, ebracteate or proximalmost 1(–3) flowers bracteate, considerably elongated in fruit;

rachis slightly or not flexuous, pubescent as stem.

(1 or) 2–5(–9)-flowered, ebracteate, not or slightly elongated in fruit;

rachis not flexuous, pubescent as stem.

Flowers

sepals ovate, 1.7–2.5 mm, pubescent, (trichomes simple and short-stalked, 2–4-rayed);

petals white, spatulate, 2.5–4 × 1.7–2.5 mm;

anthers ovate, 0.3–0.4 mm.

sepals oblong, 2–3 mm, glabrous or sparsely pubescent, (trichomes simple);

petals yellowish green to pale yellow, linear-oblanceolate, 3–4 × 0.5–0.8 mm;

anthers oblong, 0.4–0.5 mm.

Fruiting pedicels

suberect to ascending (often appressed to rachis), straight, (1.5–)2.5–5(–9) mm, pubescent, trichomes simple and 2–4-rayed.

divaricate, straight, 1.5–4(–6) mm, pubescent, trichomes simple with fewer, 2-rayed, stalked ones.

Fruits

(sometimes subappressed to rachis), oblong to lanceolate-elliptic, plane, flattened, 4–8 × 2–3 mm;

valves glabrous or pubescent, trichomes simple and short-stalked, 2-rayed, 0.05–0.25 mm;

ovules 18–26 per ovary;

style (0.01–)0.1–0.4(–0.5) mm, (glabrous, stigma about as wide as style).

broadly obovoid to subglobose, plane, slightly flattened, 3–5 × 3–4.5 mm;

valves glabrous or pubescent, trichomes simple, 0.1–0.3 mm;

ovules 4–8 per ovary;

style 0.1–0.4 mm.

Seeds

oblong, 0.9–1.2 × 0.5–0.7 mm.

oblong, (slightly flattened), 1.4–1.8 × 0.9–1.1 mm.

= 48.

Draba norvegica

Draba aleutica

Phenology

Flowering Jun–Aug.

Flowering May–Jul.

Habitat

Rock outcrops and sea cliffs, talus, gravelly and sandy terraces, moist bluffs, turfy limestone shores

Gravelly soil, retreating snow banks, fellfields

Elevation

0-500 m (0-1600 ft)

200-400 m (700-1300 ft)

Distribution

NL; NS; NT; QC; Greenland; Europe (Finland, Norway, n Russia, Scotland, Sweden); Atlantic Islands (Iceland)

[BONAP county map]

AK; e Asia (Russian Far East)

[BONAP county map]

Discussion

Draba norvegica is a highly variable hexaploid taxon and, as delimited herein, it probably represents two taxa with the same distribution and same chromosome number. It is related to hexaploid D. arctogena, from which it is distinguished by characteristics listed under 8. D. arctogena.

Draba norvegica was divided by O. E. Schulz (1927) into eight varieties, whereas R. C. Rollins (1993) recognized just two. In the latter treatment, var. clivicola is distinguished by having predominantly branched, appressed trichomes on stems proximally, lanceolate, glabrous fruits, and slender, erect-appressed pedicels. By contrast, var. norvegica is said to have predominantly simple, spreading trichomes on stems proximally, narrowly ovate to elliptical, glabrous or pubescent fruits, and stout, divaricately ascending pedicels. These differences are extremes of a continuum, and we agree with G. A. Mulligan (1970) in reducing D. clivicola to synonymy of D. norvegica. Rollins indicated that D. norvegica grows in Minnesota, but we have not seen any material from that state.

Draba norvegica is found in Europe in arctic and subarctic areas.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Of conservation concern.

Draba aleutica is known in the flora area from the Aleutian Islands (e.g., Atka, Attu) and on the Pribilov Islands (St. Paul), as well as in the Alaskan Peninsula near Ugashik.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source

FNA vol. 7, p. 322.

FNA vol. 7, p. 289.

Parent taxa

Brassicaceae > tribe Arabideae > Draba

Sibling taxa

D. abajoensis, D. albertina, D. aleutica, D. alpina, D. aprica, D. arabisans, D. arctica, D. arctogena, D. argyrea, D. arida, D. asprella, D. asterophora, D. aurea, D. aureola, D. bifurcata, D. borealis, D. brachycarpa, D. brachystylis, D. breweri, D. burkei, D. californica, D. cana, D. carnosula, D. chamissonis, D. cinerea, D. corrugata, D. corymbosa, D. crassa, D. crassifolia, D. cruciata, D. cuneifolia, D. cusickii, D. cyclomorpha, D. daviesiae, D. densifolia, D. exunguiculata, D. fladnizensis, D. glabella, D. globosa, D. graminea, D. grandis, D. grayana, D. heilii, D. helleriana, D. hitchcockii, D. howellii, D. incana, D. incerta, D. incrassata, D. inexpectata, D. jaegeri, D. juvenilis, D. kassii, D. kluanei, D. lactea, D. lemmonii, D. lonchocarpa, D. longisquamosa, D. macounii, D. maguirei, D. malpighiacea, D. micropetala, D. mogollonica, D. monoensis, D. mulliganii, D. murrayi, D. nemorosa, D. nivalis, D. novolympica, D. oblongata, D. ogilviensis, D. oligosperma, D. oreibata, D. oxycarpa, D. palanderiana, D. pauciflora, D. paucifructa, D. paysonii, D. pectinipila, D. pedicellata, D. pennellii, D. petrophila, D. pilosa, D. platycarpa, D. porsildii, D. praealta, D. pterosperma, D. ramosissima, D. ramulosa, D. rectifructa, D. reptans, D. ruaxes, D. santaquinensis, D. saxosa, D. scotteri, D. serpentina, D. sharsmithii, D. sibirica, D. sierrae, D. simmonsii, D. smithii, D. sobolifera, D. spectabilis, D. sphaerocarpa, D. sphaeroides, D. standleyi, D. stenoloba, D. stenopetala, D. streptobrachia, D. streptocarpa, D. subalpina, D. subcapitata, D. subumbellata, D. trichocarpa, D. ventosa, D. verna, D. viridis, D. weberi, D. yukonensis, D. zionensis

D. abajoensis, D. albertina, D. alpina, D. aprica, D. arabisans, D. arctica, D. arctogena, D. argyrea, D. arida, D. asprella, D. asterophora, D. aurea, D. aureola, D. bifurcata, D. borealis, D. brachycarpa, D. brachystylis, D. breweri, D. burkei, D. californica, D. cana, D. carnosula, D. chamissonis, D. cinerea, D. corrugata, D. corymbosa, D. crassa, D. crassifolia, D. cruciata, D. cuneifolia, D. cusickii, D. cyclomorpha, D. daviesiae, D. densifolia, D. exunguiculata, D. fladnizensis, D. glabella, D. globosa, D. graminea, D. grandis, D. grayana, D. heilii, D. helleriana, D. hitchcockii, D. howellii, D. incana, D. incerta, D. incrassata, D. inexpectata, D. jaegeri, D. juvenilis, D. kassii, D. kluanei, D. lactea, D. lemmonii, D. lonchocarpa, D. longisquamosa, D. macounii, D. maguirei, D. malpighiacea, D. micropetala, D. mogollonica, D. monoensis, D. mulliganii, D. murrayi, D. nemorosa, D. nivalis, D. norvegica, D. novolympica, D. oblongata, D. ogilviensis, D. oligosperma, D. oreibata, D. oxycarpa, D. palanderiana, D. pauciflora, D. paucifructa, D. paysonii, D. pectinipila, D. pedicellata, D. pennellii, D. petrophila, D. pilosa, D. platycarpa, D. porsildii, D. praealta, D. pterosperma, D. ramosissima, D. ramulosa, D. rectifructa, D. reptans, D. ruaxes, D. santaquinensis, D. saxosa, D. scotteri, D. serpentina, D. sharsmithii, D. sibirica, D. sierrae, D. simmonsii, D. smithii, D. sobolifera, D. spectabilis, D. sphaerocarpa, D. sphaeroides, D. standleyi, D. stenoloba, D. stenopetala, D. streptobrachia, D. streptocarpa, D. subalpina, D. subcapitata, D. subumbellata, D. trichocarpa, D. ventosa, D. verna, D. viridis, D. weberi, D. yukonensis, D. zionensis

Synonyms

D. clivicola, D. hirta var. norvegica, D. norvegica var. clivicola, D. norvegica var. hebecarpa, D. rupestris, D. scandinavica var. hebecarpa, D. trichella

D. behringii

Name authority

Gunnerus: Fl. Norveg. 2: 106. (1772)

Ekman: Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 30: 522, figs. 3c,d. (1936)

Web links

Unless otherwise noted, all data comes from the online version of the Flora of North America, who have made most of their content available via a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0).

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Draba norvegica

Draba aleutica

Draba norvegica

Draba aleutica