Draba incerta |
Draba norvegica |
|
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whitlow-wort, Yellowstone Draba, Yellowstone Draba whitlow-wort, Yellowstone whitlow-grass, Yellowstone whitlow-wort |
Norwegian Draba |
|
Habit | Perennials; (cespitose, often pulvinate); caudex branched (dense with persistent leaf remains, branches sometimes terminating in sterile rosettes); scapose. | Perennials; (cespitose); caudex branched (sometimes with persistent leaf remains); often scapose. |
Stems | unbranched, (0.2–)0.4–1.4(–2.1) dm, often pubescent throughout, sometimes glabrous distally, trichomes often simple and 2–5-rayed, 0.1–0.5 mm, (sometimes with mostly subpectinate ones). |
branched or unbranched, (0.2–)0.4–1.4(–2) dm, pubescent throughout, trichomes simple and 2–4-rayed, 0.2–0.5 mm. |
Basal leaves | rosulate; petiolate; petiole (0–1 cm), ciliate throughout; blade narrowly oblanceolate to linear, (0.4–)0.6–1.7(–2.5) cm × (1–)1.5–3.5(–5) mm, margins entire, (ciliate, trichomes usually simple, rarely 2-rayed, 0.2–1.1 mm), surfaces usually pubescent with short-stalked, pectinate trichomes, 0.15–0.5 mm, sometimes also with 4–6-rayed ones, (midvein usually obscure abaxially), sometimes glabrous adaxially. |
rosulate; petiolate; petiole (0–0.5 cm), ciliate throughout; blade oblanceolate to narrowly obovate or narrowly lanceolate, 0.4–2.1 cm × 1.5–7 mm, margins with 1–3 teeth on each side, (ciliate, trichomes simple and 2-rayed, 0.2–0.8 mm), surfaces pubescent abaxially with stalked, (2–)4(–6)-rayed trichomes, 0.1–0.4 mm, adaxially glabrous or pubescent, with simple and stalked, 2-rayed trichomes, 0.1–0.5 mm. |
Cauline leaves | usually 0 (or 1, as a bract); sessile; blade linear to oblong, margins entire, surfaces pubescent as basal. |
0–3(–5); sessile; blade ovate to oblong, margins often dentate, (ciliate). |
Racemes | 3–14(–30)-flowered, usually ebracteate, rarely proximalmost flowers bracteate, elongated in fruit; rachis not flexuous, glabrous or pubescent as stem. |
5–23-flowered, ebracteate or proximalmost 1(–3) flowers bracteate, considerably elongated in fruit; rachis slightly or not flexuous, pubescent as stem. |
Flowers | sepals broadly ovate, 2.5–3.5(–4) mm, pubescent, (trichomes simple and 2- or 3-rayed); petals yellow (fading white), oblanceolate to obovate, 4–6 × 1.5–2.5 mm; anthers ovate, 0.3–0.5 mm. |
sepals ovate, 1.7–2.5 mm, pubescent, (trichomes simple and short-stalked, 2–4-rayed); petals white, spatulate, 2.5–4 × 1.7–2.5 mm; anthers ovate, 0.3–0.4 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | ascending, straight, (2.5–)4–11(–27) mm, glabrous or pubescent, trichomes 2–5-rayed or pectinate. |
suberect to ascending (often appressed to rachis), straight, (1.5–)2.5–5(–9) mm, pubescent, trichomes simple and 2–4-rayed. |
Fruits | broadly ovate to lanceolate, plane, flattened, 5–9(–11) × 2–4 mm; valves glabrous or puberulent, trichomes simple and 2-rayed, 0.05–0.3 mm; ovules 8–16(–20) per ovary; style 0.2–0.9 mm. |
(sometimes subappressed to rachis), oblong to lanceolate-elliptic, plane, flattened, 4–8 × 2–3 mm; valves glabrous or pubescent, trichomes simple and short-stalked, 2-rayed, 0.05–0.25 mm; ovules 18–26 per ovary; style (0.01–)0.1–0.4(–0.5) mm, (glabrous, stigma about as wide as style). |
Seeds | oblong, 1.1–1.5 × 0.7–1 mm. |
oblong, 0.9–1.2 × 0.5–0.7 mm. |
2n | = 112. |
= 48. |
Draba incerta |
Draba norvegica |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jun–Aug. | Flowering Jun–Aug. |
Habitat | Rock outcrops, talus, gravelly areas, tundra | Rock outcrops and sea cliffs, talus, gravelly and sandy terraces, moist bluffs, turfy limestone shores |
Elevation | 0-3300 m (0-10800 ft) | 0-500 m (0-1600 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; CO; ID; MT; NV; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; QC; YT
|
NL; NS; NT; QC; Greenland; Europe (Finland, Norway, n Russia, Scotland, Sweden); Atlantic Islands (Iceland) |
Discussion | Draba incerta was shown by G. A. Mulligan (1972) to be sexually reproducing and 14-ploid with x = 8. It is often confused with the apomict D. oligosperma (2n = 32, 64). Draba incerta is readily separated from D. oligosperma by having well-formed (versus abortive) anthers and pollen, stalked (versus sessile) leaf trichomes, and ciliate (versus non-ciliate) basal leaves with obscure (versus prominent) midveins. Although both species have leafless scapes, one often finds a bract adnate to, or subtending, the proximalmost pedicel in D. incerta. Draba incerta is found near sea level in Alaska. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Draba norvegica is a highly variable hexaploid taxon and, as delimited herein, it probably represents two taxa with the same distribution and same chromosome number. It is related to hexaploid D. arctogena, from which it is distinguished by characteristics listed under 8. D. arctogena. Draba norvegica was divided by O. E. Schulz (1927) into eight varieties, whereas R. C. Rollins (1993) recognized just two. In the latter treatment, var. clivicola is distinguished by having predominantly branched, appressed trichomes on stems proximally, lanceolate, glabrous fruits, and slender, erect-appressed pedicels. By contrast, var. norvegica is said to have predominantly simple, spreading trichomes on stems proximally, narrowly ovate to elliptical, glabrous or pubescent fruits, and stout, divaricately ascending pedicels. These differences are extremes of a continuum, and we agree with G. A. Mulligan (1970) in reducing D. clivicola to synonymy of D. norvegica. Rollins indicated that D. norvegica grows in Minnesota, but we have not seen any material from that state. Draba norvegica is found in Europe in arctic and subarctic areas. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 313. | FNA vol. 7, p. 322. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Arabideae > Draba | Brassicaceae > tribe Arabideae > Draba |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | D. exalata, D. incerta var. laevicapsula, D. incerta var. peasei, D. laevicapsula, D. peasei | D. clivicola, D. hirta var. norvegica, D. norvegica var. clivicola, D. norvegica var. hebecarpa, D. rupestris, D. scandinavica var. hebecarpa, D. trichella |
Name authority | Payson: Amer. J. Bot. 4: 261. (1917) | Gunnerus: Fl. Norveg. 2: 106. (1772) |
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