Draba incerta |
Draba cuneifolia |
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whitlow-wort, Yellowstone Draba, Yellowstone Draba whitlow-wort, Yellowstone whitlow-grass, Yellowstone whitlow-wort |
wedge leaf Draba |
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Habit | Perennials; (cespitose, often pulvinate); caudex branched (dense with persistent leaf remains, branches sometimes terminating in sterile rosettes); scapose. | Annuals; scapose or subscapose. | ||||||||
Stems | unbranched, (0.2–)0.4–1.4(–2.1) dm, often pubescent throughout, sometimes glabrous distally, trichomes often simple and 2–5-rayed, 0.1–0.5 mm, (sometimes with mostly subpectinate ones). |
(simple to many from or near base), unbranched, (0.2–) 0.3–2.7(–3.7) dm, hirsute or pubescent throughout, trichomes 3–4-rayed, 0.05–0.4 mm, (sometimes mixed proximally with simple or spurred ones, 0.5–1.2 mm). |
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Basal leaves | rosulate; petiolate; petiole (0–1 cm), ciliate throughout; blade narrowly oblanceolate to linear, (0.4–)0.6–1.7(–2.5) cm × (1–)1.5–3.5(–5) mm, margins entire, (ciliate, trichomes usually simple, rarely 2-rayed, 0.2–1.1 mm), surfaces usually pubescent with short-stalked, pectinate trichomes, 0.15–0.5 mm, sometimes also with 4–6-rayed ones, (midvein usually obscure abaxially), sometimes glabrous adaxially. |
not rosulate; petiole (obscure), not ciliate; blade oblanceolate to spatulate or broadly obovate, (0.4–)1–3.5(–5) cm × (2–)6–20(–28) mm, margins dentate (in distal 1/2), surfaces pubescent, abaxially with stalked, 2–4-rayed trichomes, 0.1–0.7 mm, adaxially similar or also with fewer, simple trichomes, 0.4–0.7 mm. |
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Cauline leaves | usually 0 (or 1, as a bract); sessile; blade linear to oblong, margins entire, surfaces pubescent as basal. |
0–6 (on proximal 1/3 of stem); blade similar to basal. |
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Racemes | 3–14(–30)-flowered, usually ebracteate, rarely proximalmost flowers bracteate, elongated in fruit; rachis not flexuous, glabrous or pubescent as stem. |
10–50(–70)-flowered (throughout or on distal 1/3 of scape), ebracteate, elongated in fruit; rachis not flexuous, densely pubescent, trichomes 2–4-rayed. |
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Flowers | sepals broadly ovate, 2.5–3.5(–4) mm, pubescent, (trichomes simple and 2- or 3-rayed); petals yellow (fading white), oblanceolate to obovate, 4–6 × 1.5–2.5 mm; anthers ovate, 0.3–0.5 mm. |
(late ones cleistogamous, apetalous); sepals (green or pink), oblong, 1.5–2.5 mm, glabrous or pubescent, (trichomes simple); petals white, spatulate, (2–)2.5–4.5(–5) × 1–2 mm, (emarginate or obtuse); anthers ovate to oblong, (0.1–)0.25–0.4 mm. |
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Fruiting pedicels | ascending, straight, (2.5–)4–11(–27) mm, glabrous or pubescent, trichomes 2–5-rayed or pectinate. |
horizontal to divaricate-ascending, straight, (1–)2–7(–10) mm, pubescent as rachis. |
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Fruits | broadly ovate to lanceolate, plane, flattened, 5–9(–11) × 2–4 mm; valves glabrous or puberulent, trichomes simple and 2-rayed, 0.05–0.3 mm; ovules 8–16(–20) per ovary; style 0.2–0.9 mm. |
oblong to linear or lanceolate to broadly ovate, plane, flattened, (3–)6–12(–16) × 1.7–2.7(–3) mm; valves usually puberulent, rarely glabrous, trichomes simple, antrorse, 0.1–0.3 mm, (rarely with 2-rayed ones, or all trichomes short-stalked, 4-rayed, cruciform); ovules (12–)24–66(–72) per ovary; style 0.01–0.3(–0.4) mm. |
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Seeds | oblong, 1.1–1.5 × 0.7–1 mm. |
broadly ovoid, 0.5–0.7 × 0.4–0.5 mm. |
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2n | = 112. |
= 30, 32. |
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Draba incerta |
Draba cuneifolia |
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Phenology | Flowering Jun–Aug. | |||||||||
Habitat | Rock outcrops, talus, gravelly areas, tundra | |||||||||
Elevation | 0-3300 m (0-10800 ft) | |||||||||
Distribution |
AK; CO; ID; MT; NV; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; QC; YT
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AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; FL; IL; KS; KY; LA; MO; MS; NC; NE; NM; NV; OH; OK; PA; SD; TN; TX; UT; n Mexico |
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Discussion | Draba incerta was shown by G. A. Mulligan (1972) to be sexually reproducing and 14-ploid with x = 8. It is often confused with the apomict D. oligosperma (2n = 32, 64). Draba incerta is readily separated from D. oligosperma by having well-formed (versus abortive) anthers and pollen, stalked (versus sessile) leaf trichomes, and ciliate (versus non-ciliate) basal leaves with obscure (versus prominent) midveins. Although both species have leafless scapes, one often finds a bract adnate to, or subtending, the proximalmost pedicel in D. incerta. Draba incerta is found near sea level in Alaska. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Varieties 3 (3 in the flora). Draba cuneifolia is highly variable in fruit shape and size, style length, ovule number per ovary, type of fruit indumentum, and length of the fruiting raceme in relation to the rest of the scape. Reported chromosome numbers also vary, but it is currently unclear whether this is the result of biologically relevant processes or erroneous counts. R. L. Hartman et al. (1975) divided the species into three varieties, a position followed by subsequent authors (e.g., R. C. Rollins 1993). Typical var. sonorae is rather distinct (see key below) and may deserve recognition as a separate species, as by O. E. Schulz (1927). Critical, population-based, molecular studies are needed to assess this. In the absence of such studies, we tentatively follow Hartman et al., recognizing three varieties that are distinguished primarily by the types of trichomes found on the fruits. Glabrous-fruited forms occasionally encountered in all three varieties can be difficult to identify. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 313. | FNA vol. 7, p. 303. | ||||||||
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Arabideae > Draba | Brassicaceae > tribe Arabideae > Draba | ||||||||
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Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||
Synonyms | D. exalata, D. incerta var. laevicapsula, D. incerta var. peasei, D. laevicapsula, D. peasei | |||||||||
Name authority | Payson: Amer. J. Bot. 4: 261. (1917) | Nuttall ex Torrey & A. Gray: Fl. N. Amer. 1: 108. (1838) | ||||||||
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