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Brewer's whitlow grass, cushion Draba

dense-leaf Draba, dense-leaf whitlow-grass, Nuttall's Draba, Nuttall's whitlow-grass

Habit Perennials; (cespitose, grayish pubescent); caudex branched (sometimes covered with persistent leaf bases, branches short, compact); sometimes scapose. Perennials; (cespitose, pulvinate); caudex branched (dense with persistent leaf remains, branches sometimes terminating in sterile rosettes); scapose.
Stems

unbranched, (0.1–)0.2–1(–1.5) dm, pubescent throughout, trichomes stalked, 4–10-rayed, 0.1–0.3 mm.

unbranched, (0.05–)0.2–1(–1.7) dm, usually glabrous, rarely pubescent, trichomes usually simple, 0.3–0.8 mm, and 2–4 (or 5)-rayed, 0.1–0.6 mm, (rarely predominantly simple ones).

Basal leaves

rosulate; petiolate;

petiole base ciliate, margin not ciliate, (trichomes simple and 2-rayed, 0.3–0.8 mm);

blade oblanceolate to obovate, (0.3–)0.4–1.5(–2.5) cm × 1.5–3(–5) mm, margins usually entire, rarely dentate, surfaces densely pubescent with stalked, 4–10-rayed, stellate trichomes, 0.1–0.2 mm (sometimes 1 or more rays spurred).

rosulate;

sessile;

blade linear to oblong or oblanceolate-linear, 0.3–0.9(–1.4) cm × 0.5–1.5(–2) mm, margins entire, (ciliate, trichomes simple, 0.3–1.2 mm), surfaces glabrous or sparsely pubescent, abaxially with short-stalked, 2–4-rayed trichomes, 0.1–0.3 mm (midvein prominent), adaxially rarely with subapical, simple trichomes.

Cauline leaves

0–3(–6);

sessile;

blade oblong or lanceolate to ovate, margins entire (sometimes ciliate at base), surfaces usually pubescent as basal.

0.

Racemes

(5–)7–18(–24)-flowered, ebracteate, slightly to considerably elongated in fruit;

rachis not flexuous, pubescent with stalked, 4–10-rayed trichomes, (0.1–0.3 mm).

2–10(–22)-flowered, ebracteate, not or slightly elongated in fruit;

rachis not or slightly flexuous, glabrous or pubescent as stem.

Flowers

sepals (persistent), ovate, 1.2–2 mm, pubescent, (trichomes short-stalked, 2–6-rayed);

petals white, spatulate to oblanceolate, 2–3 × 0.7–1.1 mm;

anthers ovate, 0.2–0.25 mm.

sepals ovate, 2–3 mm, usually sparsely pubescent, rarely glabrous, (trichomes simple and short-stalked, 2–4-rayed);

petals pale yellow (sometimes fading white), oblanceolate to obovate, 2–5 × 1–1.7(–2) mm;

anthers ovate or oblong, 0.4–0.6 mm.

Fruiting pedicels

ascending, (sometimes slightly appressed to rachis), straight, 1.5–3(–4) mm, pubescent as rachis.

divaricate-ascending to ascending (not decurrent basally), straight, (0.7–)1.5–10(–25) mm, usually glabrous, rarely sparsely pubescent, trichomes predominantly simple (0.2–0.7 mm), sometimes 2–4 (or 5)-rayed, (0.1–0.5 mm).

Fruits

lanceolate or oblong to linear, usually slightly to strongly twisted, rarely plane, flattened, 3.5–9(–11) × 1.5–2.5 mm;

valves pubescent, trichomes short-stalked, 2–5-rayed, 0.05–0.25 mm;

ovules 28–40 per ovary;

style 0.1–0.3(–0.4) mm.

ovoid or ovate-lanceolate, plane (not curved), flattened, (2.5–)3–6(–8) × 2–3 mm;

valves pubescent or puberulent, trichomes simple and short-stalked, 2–5-rayed, 0.1–0.4 mm;

ovules 4–12 per ovary;

style 0.3–0.6(–1) mm.

Seeds

ovoid, 0.5–0.7 × 0.3–0.5 mm.

oblong to ovoid, 1.2–2(–2.6) × 0.9–1.2(–1.4) mm.

2n

= 32.

= 36.

Draba breweri

Draba densifolia

Phenology Flowering Jul–Aug. Flowering Jun–Aug.
Habitat Rock outcrops, talus, exposed ridges, alpine areas Rock outcrops and talus, rocky knolls, alpine ridges
Elevation 3100-4100 m (10200-13500 ft) 800-3700 m (2600-12100 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AK; CA; ID; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

The circumscription of Draba breweri was expanded by R. C. Rollins (1993) to include D. cana. Plants of D. cana differ from those of D. breweri by being non-cespitose (versus cespitose) and taller [(4–)10–30(–38) versus (1–)2–9(–15) cm], and by having basally bracteate (versus ebracteate) racemes, and stems, pedicels, and sepals pubescent with a mixture of simple and branched (versus exclusively branched) trichomes. Draba breweri is known to us from Alpine, Fresno, Inyo, Mono, Plumas, Tulare, and Tuolumne counties.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Draba densifolia is one of the most highly variable North American members of the genus, as evidenced by the extensive synonymy. The species is an apomict (G. A. Mulligan 1976) and it occupies tremendous geographic, edaphic, and altitudinal ranges. In forms corresponding to the type of D. sphaerula, the flowering stems are 2-flowered, and the stems, leaves, and fruiting pedicels are to 5, 1.5, and 0.6 mm, respectively. By contrast, forms comparable to the type of D. caeruleomontana var. piperi have stems, leaves, and fruiting pedicels to 17, 1.3, and 2.5 cm, respectively. Between these remarkable extremes fall all of the other populations of the species.

Draba densifolia is sometimes confused with D. paysonii, which it resembles, in being a cespitose, scapose, and densely pulvinate perennial having narrowly linear or oblong to linear-oblanceolate leaf blades with strongly ciliate margins. It is easily distinguished from the latter by having glabrous adaxial leaf blade surfaces, only sparsely pubescent abaxial surfaces, and often glabrous fruiting pedicels and rachises.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 7, p. 297. FNA vol. 7, p. 306.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Arabideae > Draba Brassicaceae > tribe Arabideae > Draba
Sibling taxa
D. abajoensis, D. albertina, D. aleutica, D. alpina, D. aprica, D. arabisans, D. arctica, D. arctogena, D. argyrea, D. arida, D. asprella, D. asterophora, D. aurea, D. aureola, D. bifurcata, D. borealis, D. brachycarpa, D. brachystylis, D. burkei, D. californica, D. cana, D. carnosula, D. chamissonis, D. cinerea, D. corrugata, D. corymbosa, D. crassa, D. crassifolia, D. cruciata, D. cuneifolia, D. cusickii, D. cyclomorpha, D. daviesiae, D. densifolia, D. exunguiculata, D. fladnizensis, D. glabella, D. globosa, D. graminea, D. grandis, D. grayana, D. heilii, D. helleriana, D. hitchcockii, D. howellii, D. incana, D. incerta, D. incrassata, D. inexpectata, D. jaegeri, D. juvenilis, D. kassii, D. kluanei, D. lactea, D. lemmonii, D. lonchocarpa, D. longisquamosa, D. macounii, D. maguirei, D. malpighiacea, D. micropetala, D. mogollonica, D. monoensis, D. mulliganii, D. murrayi, D. nemorosa, D. nivalis, D. norvegica, D. novolympica, D. oblongata, D. ogilviensis, D. oligosperma, D. oreibata, D. oxycarpa, D. palanderiana, D. pauciflora, D. paucifructa, D. paysonii, D. pectinipila, D. pedicellata, D. pennellii, D. petrophila, D. pilosa, D. platycarpa, D. porsildii, D. praealta, D. pterosperma, D. ramosissima, D. ramulosa, D. rectifructa, D. reptans, D. ruaxes, D. santaquinensis, D. saxosa, D. scotteri, D. serpentina, D. sharsmithii, D. sibirica, D. sierrae, D. simmonsii, D. smithii, D. sobolifera, D. spectabilis, D. sphaerocarpa, D. sphaeroides, D. standleyi, D. stenoloba, D. stenopetala, D. streptobrachia, D. streptocarpa, D. subalpina, D. subcapitata, D. subumbellata, D. trichocarpa, D. ventosa, D. verna, D. viridis, D. weberi, D. yukonensis, D. zionensis
D. abajoensis, D. albertina, D. aleutica, D. alpina, D. aprica, D. arabisans, D. arctica, D. arctogena, D. argyrea, D. arida, D. asprella, D. asterophora, D. aurea, D. aureola, D. bifurcata, D. borealis, D. brachycarpa, D. brachystylis, D. breweri, D. burkei, D. californica, D. cana, D. carnosula, D. chamissonis, D. cinerea, D. corrugata, D. corymbosa, D. crassa, D. crassifolia, D. cruciata, D. cuneifolia, D. cusickii, D. cyclomorpha, D. daviesiae, D. exunguiculata, D. fladnizensis, D. glabella, D. globosa, D. graminea, D. grandis, D. grayana, D. heilii, D. helleriana, D. hitchcockii, D. howellii, D. incana, D. incerta, D. incrassata, D. inexpectata, D. jaegeri, D. juvenilis, D. kassii, D. kluanei, D. lactea, D. lemmonii, D. lonchocarpa, D. longisquamosa, D. macounii, D. maguirei, D. malpighiacea, D. micropetala, D. mogollonica, D. monoensis, D. mulliganii, D. murrayi, D. nemorosa, D. nivalis, D. norvegica, D. novolympica, D. oblongata, D. ogilviensis, D. oligosperma, D. oreibata, D. oxycarpa, D. palanderiana, D. pauciflora, D. paucifructa, D. paysonii, D. pectinipila, D. pedicellata, D. pennellii, D. petrophila, D. pilosa, D. platycarpa, D. porsildii, D. praealta, D. pterosperma, D. ramosissima, D. ramulosa, D. rectifructa, D. reptans, D. ruaxes, D. santaquinensis, D. saxosa, D. scotteri, D. serpentina, D. sharsmithii, D. sibirica, D. sierrae, D. simmonsii, D. smithii, D. sobolifera, D. spectabilis, D. sphaerocarpa, D. sphaeroides, D. standleyi, D. stenoloba, D. stenopetala, D. streptobrachia, D. streptocarpa, D. subalpina, D. subcapitata, D. subumbellata, D. trichocarpa, D. ventosa, D. verna, D. viridis, D. weberi, D. yukonensis, D. zionensis
Synonyms D. breweri var. sublaxa D. caeruleomontana, D. caeruleomontana var. piperi, D. glacialis var. pectinata, D. globosa var. sphaerula, D. mulfordiae, D. nelsonii, D. oligosperma var. pectinata, D. pectinata, D. sphaerula
Name authority S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 23: 260. (1888) Nuttall: in J. Torrey and A. Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 104. (1838)
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