Dodecatheon poeticum |
Dodecatheon frigidum |
|
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narcissus shooting star, poet's shooting star |
western arctic shootingstar |
|
Habit | Plants 10–45 cm; scape glandular-pubescent. | Plants (4–)8–30(–40) cm; scape glandular-puberulent. |
Caudices | not obvious at anthesis; roots white; bulblets usually present. |
obvious at anthesis, often horizontal and elongated, slender to stout, (often woody); roots reddish; bulblets absent. |
Leaves | (3–)5–16(–20) × 0.5–2.5(–3) cm; petiole usually winged; blade oblanceolate to spatulate, base usually decurrent onto stem, gradually tapering to petiole, margins usually entire, sometimes denticulate to slightly toothed, surfaces glandular-pubescent. |
(2–)3.5–12(–19) × 0.7–2.5(–4.5) cm; petiole slightly winged or slender (at least basally); blade ovate to oval, rarely oblong to spatulate, base slightly to obviously decurrent onto stem, abruptly tapering to petiole, margins subentire to crenate-dentate, surfaces minutely glandular-puberulent or glabrous. |
Inflorescences | 2–10(–17)-flowered; bracts narrowly to broadly lanceolate, 2–10 mm, glandular-pubescent. |
2–7-flowered; bracts narrowly lanceolate, 3–8 mm, glandular-puberulent. |
Pedicels | 1–3.5 cm, glandular-pubescent. |
0.5–2.5(–3) cm, glandular-puberulent. |
Flowers | calyx greenish, often with pinkish purple to purple speckles, 5–9 mm, glabrous or slightly glandular at least along margins, tube 2–4(–5) mm, lobes 5, 3–5 mm; corolla tube maroon and yellow with reddish, thin, wavy ring, lobes 5, magenta to lavender, (8–)10–15(–18) mm; filaments connate, tube maroon, 1.5–3 × 2–3 mm; anthers 4–7 mm; pollen sacs maroon to black, connective deep purple to black, transversely rugose (sometimes seemingly smooth [when immature] or transversely wrinkled [when dried]); stigma not enlarged compared to style. |
calyx green to dark green, sometimes speckled with reddish purple, 4–7 mm, glandular-puberulent, tube 1.5–3 mm, lobes 5, (2–)2.5–4 mm; corolla tube yellow or rarely white with or sometimes without maroon, thick, wavy ring, lobes 5, pink or magenta to lavender, rarely white, (5–)8–15(–20) mm; filaments distinct or slightly connate, maroon, 0.2–0.8 mm; anthers (3–)4–6 mm; pollen sacs usually maroon, sometimes pale purple and speckled with maroon, connective black, smooth; stigma not enlarged compared to style. |
Capsules | tan, often faintly reddish apically, valvate, short-ovoid, 6–9 × 4–7 mm, glandular-pubescent; walls usually thick and firm. |
reddish brown to purplish, operculate, cylindric-ovoid, 6–12 × 3–4.5(–5) mm, glabrous or slightly glandular-puberulent apically; walls thin, pliable. |
Seeds | without membrane along edges. |
without membrane along edges. |
2n | = 44, 88. |
= 44. |
Dodecatheon poeticum |
Dodecatheon frigidum |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring. | Flowering summer. |
Habitat | Moist flats, slopes, and cliff faces in grassland communities and in oak and conifer woodlands | Moist to boggy depressions, flats and rocky, often calcareous slopes, stream banks, lake shores, outcrops and screes mainly in meadows, low dunes, sparse conifer woodland, willow and heath tundra communities near melting snow or on permafrost |
Elevation | 50-900 m [160-3000 ft] | 0-1700(-1900) m [0-5600(-6200) ft] |
Distribution |
OR; WA |
AK; BC; NT; SK; YT; e Asia (Russian Far East)
|
Discussion | Dodecatheon poeticum grows mainly in the Columbia River gorge and on the eastern edge of the Cascade Range in Washington, and in Oregon. Nearby one can find D. conjugens var. conjugens and D. pulchellum var. cusickii, features of which (the rugose connective of the former, the glandular condition of the latter) are combined in D. poeticum. The distinct filaments of var. conjugens readily distinguish that taxon from D. poeticum; distinction between D. poeticum and D. pulchellum var. cusickii is difficult. The former has maroon pollen sacs; var. cusickii has yellow ones. Plants with all of the features of D. poeticum rarely have the smooth connective typical of D. pulchellum. H. J. Thompson (1953) suggested that D. poeticum (a tetraploid) might be the product of an allopolyploid involving var. cusickii and D. hendersonii (both diploids). The leaves of Dodecatheon poeticum are occasionally slightly toothed and relatively broad (e.g., K. L. Chambers 2080, OSC) and resemble the leaves of D. dentatum, a species that flowers in the Gorge typically after D. poeticum. Rootstocks with bulblets are rarely seen on herbarium specimens. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Dodecatheon frigidum is the northernmost species in the genus. It is found from northern British Columbia, southern Northwest Territories (Mackenzie District), and northwestern Saskatchewan, and Yukon (including its northern islands), and most of Alaska except near the immediate southern coast and Aleutian Islands. The species is disjunct onto the Chukotsk Peninsula in the Russian Far East. The elongated, usually woody, nearly horizontal caudex is diagnostic. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 8, p. 284. | FNA vol. 8, p. 277. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Primula poetica | Primula frigida |
Name authority | L. F. Henderson: Rhodora 32: 27. 1930 , | Chamisso & Schlechtendal: Linnaea 1: 222. (1826) |
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