Dodecatheon poeticum |
Dodecatheon frenchii |
|
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narcissus shooting star, poet's shooting star |
French's shootingstar |
|
Habit | Plants 10–45 cm; scape glandular-pubescent. | Plants 20–40(–60) cm; scape glabrous, rarely glandular-pubescent. |
Caudices | not obvious at anthesis; roots white; bulblets usually present. |
not obvious at anthesis; roots white; bulblets absent. |
Leaves | (3–)5–16(–20) × 0.5–2.5(–3) cm; petiole usually winged; blade oblanceolate to spatulate, base usually decurrent onto stem, gradually tapering to petiole, margins usually entire, sometimes denticulate to slightly toothed, surfaces glandular-pubescent. |
10–30 × 4–8(–10) cm; petiole slender (at least basally); blade (not suffused with red at base), spatulate to ovate or broadly oval, base slightly decurrent onto stem, abruptly tapering to petiole, margins usually entire, surfaces usually glabrous, rarely minutely glandular. |
Inflorescences | 2–10(–17)-flowered; bracts narrowly to broadly lanceolate, 2–10 mm, glandular-pubescent. |
2–15-flowered; bracts lanceolate, 3–10 mm, glabrous, rarely glandular-pubescent. |
Pedicels | 1–3.5 cm, glandular-pubescent. |
1–5 cm, usually glabrous, rarely glandular-pubescent. |
Flowers | calyx greenish, often with pinkish purple to purple speckles, 5–9 mm, glabrous or slightly glandular at least along margins, tube 2–4(–5) mm, lobes 5, 3–5 mm; corolla tube maroon and yellow with reddish, thin, wavy ring, lobes 5, magenta to lavender, (8–)10–15(–18) mm; filaments connate, tube maroon, 1.5–3 × 2–3 mm; anthers 4–7 mm; pollen sacs maroon to black, connective deep purple to black, transversely rugose (sometimes seemingly smooth [when immature] or transversely wrinkled [when dried]); stigma not enlarged compared to style. |
calyx light green, 3–8 mm, glabrous, tube 2–2.5 mm, lobes 5, 3–6 mm; corolla tube maroon and yellow with maroon, thin, wavy ring, lobes 5, white, sometimes pale rose or lavender to (rarely) magenta, 10–20 mm; filaments distinct and 0.8–1.2 mm or connate and tube yellow, 0.8–1.2 × 1.2–1.8 mm; anthers 5–7.5 mm; pollen sacs yellow, rarely speckled with red or maroon, connective purple, dark maroon, or black, smooth; stigma not enlarged compared to style. |
Capsules | tan, often faintly reddish apically, valvate, short-ovoid, 6–9 × 4–7 mm, glandular-pubescent; walls usually thick and firm. |
reddish brown, valvate, cylindric-ovoid, 6–10 × 3.5–5 mm, glabrous; walls thick, firm. |
Seeds | without membrane along edges. |
without membrane along edges. |
2n | = 44, 88. |
= 44. |
Dodecatheon poeticum |
Dodecatheon frenchii |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring. | Flowering spring. |
Habitat | Moist flats, slopes, and cliff faces in grassland communities and in oak and conifer woodlands | Moist, shaded flats under sandstone cliffs and overhanging ledges along or near streams |
Elevation | 50-900 m (200-3000 ft) | 100-300 m (300-1000 ft) |
Distribution |
OR; WA
|
AL; AR; IL; IN; KY; MO
|
Discussion | Dodecatheon poeticum grows mainly in the Columbia River gorge and on the eastern edge of the Cascade Range in Washington, and in Oregon. Nearby one can find D. conjugens var. conjugens and D. pulchellum var. cusickii, features of which (the rugose connective of the former, the glandular condition of the latter) are combined in D. poeticum. The distinct filaments of var. conjugens readily distinguish that taxon from D. poeticum; distinction between D. poeticum and D. pulchellum var. cusickii is difficult. The former has maroon pollen sacs; var. cusickii has yellow ones. Plants with all of the features of D. poeticum rarely have the smooth connective typical of D. pulchellum. H. J. Thompson (1953) suggested that D. poeticum (a tetraploid) might be the product of an allopolyploid involving var. cusickii and D. hendersonii (both diploids). The leaves of Dodecatheon poeticum are occasionally slightly toothed and relatively broad (e.g., K. L. Chambers 2080, OSC) and resemble the leaves of D. dentatum, a species that flowers in the Gorge typically after D. poeticum. Rootstocks with bulblets are rarely seen on herbarium specimens. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Dodecatheon frenchii is relatively rare throughout its restricted range in southern Illinois (Jackson, Johnson, Pope, Saline, Union, and Williamson counties), southern Indiana (Crawford and Perry counties), and western Kentucky (Breckinridge, Carter, Crittenden, Edmonson, Hardin, Menifee, Todd, Union, and Warren counties), with additional outlying populations in Colbert County, Alabama, Cleburne and Newton counties, Arkansas, and at Hickory Canyons Natural Area in Sainte Genevieve County, Missouri. The mature leaves nearly always have a distinctive cordate base. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 8, p. 284. | FNA vol. 8, p. 285. |
Parent taxa | Primulaceae > Dodecatheon | Primulaceae > Dodecatheon |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Primula poetica | D. meadia var. frenchii, D. meadia subsp. membranaceum, Primula frenchii |
Name authority | L. F. Henderson: Rhodora 32: 27. 1930 , | (Vasey) Rydberg: Fl. Plains N. Amer., 626. 1932 , |
Web links |