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padre's shootingstar

western arctic shootingstar

Habit Plants (7–)10–40 cm; scape glabrous, usually glandular-puberulent apically. Plants (4–)8–30(–40) cm; scape glandular-puberulent.
Caudices

not obvious at anthesis;

roots tannish;

bulblets absent.

obvious at anthesis, often horizontal and elongated, slender to stout, (often woody);

roots reddish;

bulblets absent.

Leaves

(1–)3–18(–20) × 0.5–4(–5) cm;

petiole usually slender;

blade oblanceolate to spatulate, base usually not decurrent onto stem, narrowing abruptly to petiole, margins usually entire, rarely finely denticulate, surfaces usually glabrous, sometimes with sessile glands.

(2–)3.5–12(–19) × 0.7–2.5(–4.5) cm;

petiole slightly winged or slender (at least basally);

blade ovate to oval, rarely oblong to spatulate, base slightly to obviously decurrent onto stem, abruptly tapering to petiole, margins subentire to crenate-dentate, surfaces minutely glandular-puberulent or glabrous.

Inflorescences

(1–)5–18-flowered;

bracts usually narrowly lanceolate to lanceolate, rarely oblanceolate, 3–22 mm, usually glandular, sometimes glabrous.

2–7-flowered;

bracts narrowly lanceolate, 3–8 mm, glandular-puberulent.

Pedicels

2–5 cm, sparsely to moderately glandular-puberulent.

0.5–2.5(–3) cm, glandular-puberulent.

Flowers

calyx light greenish, 5.5–8.5 mm, glandular-pubescent abaxially, tube 1.5–2.5 mm, lobes 5, 3–6 mm;

corolla tube yellow with dark maroon, thick, often wavy ring, lobes 5, magenta or white, 6–25(–30) mm;

filaments connate, tube yellow or dark maroon to black, 2.5–4 × 3–4 mm;

anthers 3–5 mm;

pollen sacs yellow or dark purple, connective yellow or maroon to black, transversely rugose;

stigma not enlarged compared to style.

calyx green to dark green, sometimes speckled with reddish purple, 4–7 mm, glandular-puberulent, tube 1.5–3 mm, lobes 5, (2–)2.5–4 mm;

corolla tube yellow or rarely white with or sometimes without maroon, thick, wavy ring, lobes 5, pink or magenta to lavender, rarely white, (5–)8–15(–20) mm;

filaments distinct or slightly connate, maroon, 0.2–0.8 mm;

anthers (3–)4–6 mm;

pollen sacs usually maroon, sometimes pale purple and speckled with maroon, connective black, smooth;

stigma not enlarged compared to style.

Capsules

yellowish or reddish tan, often suffused with purple, valvate or operculate, cylindric-ovoid, 8–16 × 4–7 mm, glabrous or glandular-puberulent;

walls thin, pliable.

reddish brown to purplish, operculate, cylindric-ovoid, 6–12 × 3–4.5(–5) mm, glabrous or slightly glandular-puberulent apically;

walls thin, pliable.

Seeds

without membrane along edges.

without membrane along edges.

2n

= 44, 66, 88.

= 44.

Dodecatheon clevelandii

Dodecatheon frigidum

Phenology Flowering summer.
Habitat Moist to boggy depressions, flats and rocky, often calcareous slopes, stream banks, lake shores, outcrops and screes mainly in meadows, low dunes, sparse conifer woodland, willow and heath tundra communities near melting snow or on permafrost
Elevation 0-1700(-1900) m (0-5600(-6200) ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; nw Mexico
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AK; BC; NT; SK; YT; e Asia (Russian Far East)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 4 (4 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Dodecatheon frigidum is the northernmost species in the genus. It is found from northern British Columbia, southern Northwest Territories (Mackenzie District), and northwestern Saskatchewan, and Yukon (including its northern islands), and most of Alaska except near the immediate southern coast and Aleutian Islands. The species is disjunct onto the Chukotsk Peninsula in the Russian Far East. The elongated, usually woody, nearly horizontal caudex is diagnostic.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Connectives yellow; filament tubes without yellow or white spot proximal to each anther.
var. clevelandii
1. Connectives maroon to black; filament tubes with or without yellow or white spot proximal to each anther
→ 2
2. Filament tubes without yellow or white spot proximal to each anther.
var. insulare
2. Filament tubes with yellow or white spot proximal to each anther
→ 3
3. Pollen sacs usually yellow.
var. gracile
3. Pollen sacs usually dark purple.
var. patulum
Source FNA vol. 8, p. 274. FNA vol. 8, p. 277.
Parent taxa Primulaceae > Dodecatheon Primulaceae > Dodecatheon
Sibling taxa
D. alpinum, D. amethystinum, D. austrofrigidum, D. conjugens, D. dentatum, D. ellisiae, D. frenchii, D. frigidum, D. hendersonii, D. jeffreyi, D. meadia, D. poeticum, D. pulchellum, D. redolens, D. subalpinum, D. utahense
D. alpinum, D. amethystinum, D. austrofrigidum, D. clevelandii, D. conjugens, D. dentatum, D. ellisiae, D. frenchii, D. hendersonii, D. jeffreyi, D. meadia, D. poeticum, D. pulchellum, D. redolens, D. subalpinum, D. utahense
Subordinate taxa
D. clevelandii var. clevelandii, D. clevelandii var. gracile, D. clevelandii var. insulare, D. clevelandii var. patulum
Synonyms Primula clevelandii Primula frigida
Name authority Greene: Pittonia 1: 213. 1888 (as clevelandi), Chamisso & Schlechtendal: Linnaea 1: 222. (1826)
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