Dodecatheon clevelandii |
Dodecatheon frenchii |
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padre's shootingstar |
French's shootingstar |
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Habit | Plants (7–)10–40 cm; scape glabrous, usually glandular-puberulent apically. | Plants 20–40(–60) cm; scape glabrous, rarely glandular-pubescent. | ||||||||||||
Caudices | not obvious at anthesis; roots tannish; bulblets absent. |
not obvious at anthesis; roots white; bulblets absent. |
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Leaves | (1–)3–18(–20) × 0.5–4(–5) cm; petiole usually slender; blade oblanceolate to spatulate, base usually not decurrent onto stem, narrowing abruptly to petiole, margins usually entire, rarely finely denticulate, surfaces usually glabrous, sometimes with sessile glands. |
10–30 × 4–8(–10) cm; petiole slender (at least basally); blade (not suffused with red at base), spatulate to ovate or broadly oval, base slightly decurrent onto stem, abruptly tapering to petiole, margins usually entire, surfaces usually glabrous, rarely minutely glandular. |
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Inflorescences | (1–)5–18-flowered; bracts usually narrowly lanceolate to lanceolate, rarely oblanceolate, 3–22 mm, usually glandular, sometimes glabrous. |
2–15-flowered; bracts lanceolate, 3–10 mm, glabrous, rarely glandular-pubescent. |
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Pedicels | 2–5 cm, sparsely to moderately glandular-puberulent. |
1–5 cm, usually glabrous, rarely glandular-pubescent. |
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Flowers | calyx light greenish, 5.5–8.5 mm, glandular-pubescent abaxially, tube 1.5–2.5 mm, lobes 5, 3–6 mm; corolla tube yellow with dark maroon, thick, often wavy ring, lobes 5, magenta or white, 6–25(–30) mm; filaments connate, tube yellow or dark maroon to black, 2.5–4 × 3–4 mm; anthers 3–5 mm; pollen sacs yellow or dark purple, connective yellow or maroon to black, transversely rugose; stigma not enlarged compared to style. |
calyx light green, 3–8 mm, glabrous, tube 2–2.5 mm, lobes 5, 3–6 mm; corolla tube maroon and yellow with maroon, thin, wavy ring, lobes 5, white, sometimes pale rose or lavender to (rarely) magenta, 10–20 mm; filaments distinct and 0.8–1.2 mm or connate and tube yellow, 0.8–1.2 × 1.2–1.8 mm; anthers 5–7.5 mm; pollen sacs yellow, rarely speckled with red or maroon, connective purple, dark maroon, or black, smooth; stigma not enlarged compared to style. |
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Capsules | yellowish or reddish tan, often suffused with purple, valvate or operculate, cylindric-ovoid, 8–16 × 4–7 mm, glabrous or glandular-puberulent; walls thin, pliable. |
reddish brown, valvate, cylindric-ovoid, 6–10 × 3.5–5 mm, glabrous; walls thick, firm. |
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Seeds | without membrane along edges. |
without membrane along edges. |
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2n | = 44, 66, 88. |
= 44. |
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Dodecatheon clevelandii |
Dodecatheon frenchii |
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Phenology | Flowering spring. | |||||||||||||
Habitat | Moist, shaded flats under sandstone cliffs and overhanging ledges along or near streams | |||||||||||||
Elevation | 100-300 m (300-1000 ft) | |||||||||||||
Distribution |
CA; nw Mexico
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AL; AR; IL; IN; KY; MO
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Discussion | Varieties 4 (4 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Dodecatheon frenchii is relatively rare throughout its restricted range in southern Illinois (Jackson, Johnson, Pope, Saline, Union, and Williamson counties), southern Indiana (Crawford and Perry counties), and western Kentucky (Breckinridge, Carter, Crittenden, Edmonson, Hardin, Menifee, Todd, Union, and Warren counties), with additional outlying populations in Colbert County, Alabama, Cleburne and Newton counties, Arkansas, and at Hickory Canyons Natural Area in Sainte Genevieve County, Missouri. The mature leaves nearly always have a distinctive cordate base. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 8, p. 274. | FNA vol. 8, p. 285. | ||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Primulaceae > Dodecatheon | Primulaceae > Dodecatheon | ||||||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||||||
Synonyms | Primula clevelandii | D. meadia var. frenchii, D. meadia subsp. membranaceum, Primula frenchii | ||||||||||||
Name authority | Greene: Pittonia 1: 213. 1888 (as clevelandi), | (Vasey) Rydberg: Fl. Plains N. Amer., 626. 1932 , | ||||||||||||
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