Dodecatheon clevelandii |
Dodecatheon austrofrigidum |
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padre's shootingstar |
frigid shooting star, tillamook shooting star, tundra shooting star |
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Habit | Plants (7–)10–40 cm; scape glabrous, usually glandular-puberulent apically. | Plants (5–)10–45 cm; scape usually glabrous, glandular-puberulent distally. | ||||||||||||
Caudices | not obvious at anthesis; roots tannish; bulblets absent. |
not obvious at anthesis; roots white; bulblets absent. |
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Leaves | (1–)3–18(–20) × 0.5–4(–5) cm; petiole usually slender; blade oblanceolate to spatulate, base usually not decurrent onto stem, narrowing abruptly to petiole, margins usually entire, rarely finely denticulate, surfaces usually glabrous, sometimes with sessile glands. |
2.5–30 × 0.7–7 cm; petiole winged; blade narrowly to broadly elliptic or ovate, base decurrent onto stem, gradually tapering to petiole, margins entire or irregularly sinuate-dentate to denticulate, surfaces glabrous. |
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Inflorescences | (1–)5–18-flowered; bracts usually narrowly lanceolate to lanceolate, rarely oblanceolate, 3–22 mm, usually glandular, sometimes glabrous. |
1–7-flowered; bracts lanceolate, 2.5–10 mm, glandular-puberulent. |
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Pedicels | 2–5 cm, sparsely to moderately glandular-puberulent. |
(0.4–)0.5–4.5(–5.5) cm, glandular-puberulent, sometimes glabrous. |
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Flowers | calyx light greenish, 5.5–8.5 mm, glandular-pubescent abaxially, tube 1.5–2.5 mm, lobes 5, 3–6 mm; corolla tube yellow with dark maroon, thick, often wavy ring, lobes 5, magenta or white, 6–25(–30) mm; filaments connate, tube yellow or dark maroon to black, 2.5–4 × 3–4 mm; anthers 3–5 mm; pollen sacs yellow or dark purple, connective yellow or maroon to black, transversely rugose; stigma not enlarged compared to style. |
calyx green, 5–11 mm, glabrous or glandular (at least on margins of lobes), tube 1–2.5(–3) mm, lobes 5, 3–9 mm; corolla tube white with reddish to purplish, thin, wavy ring, lobes 5, magenta, (9–)15–20(–23) mm; filaments distinct, dark maroon to dark purple, 0.5–1.8 mm; anthers (4.5–)6–8 mm; pollen sacs maroon to dark purple, connective dark purple, smooth; stigma not enlarged compared to style. |
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Capsules | yellowish or reddish tan, often suffused with purple, valvate or operculate, cylindric-ovoid, 8–16 × 4–7 mm, glabrous or glandular-puberulent; walls thin, pliable. |
greenish to tannish with purple speckles, often purplish apically, operculate or valvate, ovoid, 6–16 × 3.5–5.5(–7) mm, glabrous; walls thin, pliable. |
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Seeds | without membrane along edges. |
without membrane along edges. |
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2n | = 44, 66, 88. |
= 88. |
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Dodecatheon clevelandii |
Dodecatheon austrofrigidum |
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Phenology | Flowering spring. | |||||||||||||
Habitat | Moist basaltic slopes, ridges, streamsides, and cliff faces in conifer woodlands near waterfalls and along streams or in high-elevation, tundralike, grassland communities | |||||||||||||
Elevation | 30-1200 m (100-3900 ft) | |||||||||||||
Distribution |
CA; nw Mexico
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OR; WA
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Discussion | Varieties 4 (4 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Of conservation concern. Dodecatheon austrofrigidum occurs mainly in the mountains near the coast of Washington from the southern Olympic Peninsula (Grays Harbor and Pacific counties) to northwestern Oregon (Clatsop and Tillamook counties). The populations are widely scattered and always with relatively few individuals. At higher elevations (e.g., ca. 1200 m atop Saddle Mountain, Tillamook County), D. austrofrigidum occurs in moist, grassy turf. At lower elevations in the same area, it occurs on stream banks in the narrow zone between the high- and low-water mark, persisting in cracks of basaltic rocks. The degree of denticulation of the leaves appears to vary among populations; some larger plants have toothed leaf blades even prior to anthesis. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 8, p. 274. | FNA vol. 8, p. 278. | ||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Primulaceae > Dodecatheon | Primulaceae > Dodecatheon | ||||||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||||||
Synonyms | Primula clevelandii | Primula austrofrigida | ||||||||||||
Name authority | Greene: Pittonia 1: 213. 1888 (as clevelandi), | K. L. Chambers: Sida 22: 462, figs. 1–3. 2006 , | ||||||||||||
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