Dodecatheon austrofrigidum
Dodecatheon alpinum
frigid shooting star, tillamook shooting star, tundra shooting star
alpine shooting star
not obvious at anthesis;
roots white;
bulblets absent.
not obvious at anthesis or short and compact;
root whitish;
bulblets absent.
2.5–30 × 0.7–7 cm;
petiole winged;
blade narrowly to broadly elliptic or ovate, base decurrent onto stem, gradually tapering to petiole, margins entire or irregularly sinuate-dentate to denticulate, surfaces glabrous.
2–20(–27) × (0.3–)0.5–2(–3.5) cm;
petiole winged;
blade linear to linear-oblanceolate, base decurrent onto stem, gradually tapering to petiole, margins entire or nearly so, surfaces glabrous.
1–7-flowered;
bracts lanceolate, 2.5–10 mm, glandular-puberulent.
1–10-flowered;
bracts lanceolate, 3–10(–12) mm, usually glabrous, sometimes sparsely glandular-puberulent.
(0.4–)0.5–4.5(–5.5) cm, glandular-puberulent, sometimes glabrous.
(0.5–)1–5 cm, usually glabrous, rarely sparsely glandular-pubescent.
calyx green, 5–11 mm, glabrous or glandular (at least on margins of lobes), tube 1–2.5(–3) mm, lobes 5, 3–9 mm;
corolla tube white with reddish to purplish, thin, wavy ring, lobes 5, magenta, (9–)15–20(–23) mm;
filaments distinct, dark maroon to dark purple, 0.5–1.8 mm;
anthers (4.5–)6–8 mm;
pollen sacs maroon to dark purple, connective dark purple, smooth;
stigma not enlarged compared to style.
calyx greenish and finely purple-flecked, 5–9.5(–10) mm, usually glabrous, rarely sparsely glandular-puberulent, tube 1–3(–4) mm, lobes 4, (2–)4–7(–8) mm;
corolla tube yellowish with purplish red, thin, wavy ring, lobes 4, usually magenta to lavender, rarely pink or white, (6–)8–20 mm;
filaments distinct, black, 0.2–0.5(–1) mm;
anthers 4.5–8.5 mm, (apex truncate to obtuse);
pollen sacs purple and often mottled, connective dark purple, transversely rugose;
stigma enlarged, diam. usually 2+ times style.
greenish to tannish with purple speckles, often purplish apically, operculate or valvate, ovoid, 6–16 × 3.5–5.5(–7) mm, glabrous;
walls thin, pliable.
tan to light brown, often purplish toward apex, valvate, narrowly ovoid, 5–11(–12) × 3–7 mm, glabrous;
walls thin, pliable.
without membrane along edges.
with membrane along edges.
= 88.
= 44.
Dodecatheon austrofrigidum
Dodecatheon alpinum
Of conservation concern.
Dodecatheon austrofrigidum occurs mainly in the mountains near the coast of Washington from the southern Olympic Peninsula (Grays Harbor and Pacific counties) to northwestern Oregon (Clatsop and Tillamook counties). The populations are widely scattered and always with relatively few individuals. At higher elevations (e.g., ca. 1200 m atop Saddle Mountain, Tillamook County), D. austrofrigidum occurs in moist, grassy turf. At lower elevations in the same area, it occurs on stream banks in the narrow zone between the high- and low-water mark, persisting in cracks of basaltic rocks. The degree of denticulation of the leaves appears to vary among populations; some larger plants have toothed leaf blades even prior to anthesis.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Dodecatheon alpinum is found in widely scattered locations in the San Jacinto Mountains, Transverse Ranges, Sierra Nevada, northern coastal ranges, and the Siskiyou Mountains of California, southwestern Oregon, and west-central Nevada, and in the Cascade Ranges to just north of the Columbia River in Skamania and Yakima counties of Washington. It may be seen on scattered basin ranges in the Intermountain West of Nevada (e.g., East Humboldt, Jarbidge, Ruby, Snake) and western Utah (Deep Creek Mountains), and in some desert ranges of southern Oregon as far east as the Steens Mountains in Harney County; it is disjunct to the Blue and Wallowa mountains of northeastern Oregon. There are other disjunct populations in the northern Wasatch and Uinta mountains of northern and northeastern Utah, and even more widely scattered populations in the southern Wasatch and Tushar mountains. The species has also been found at Warm Springs in Millard County. Isolated populations occur on the Pine Valley Mountains, Utah, and around the Grand Canyon and Mogollon Rim areas of Arizona as far south as Greenlee County.
Narrow-leaved plants that are sparsely glandular-pubescent are sometimes found at higher elevations in the Sierra Nevada, making a distinction between Dodecatheon alpinum and D. jeffreyi occasionally arbitrary. A specimen from Deschutes County, Oregon (C. L. Hitchcock and J. S. Martin 4919, UTC, WTU) has leaf blades to 3.5 cm wide.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
OR
WA
Flora NW
PNW Herbaria
WildflowerSearch
iNaturalist
USDA Plants Database
CA
