Flora of North America species comparison

short, to 0.5(–1) cm, usually simple.

very variable in length, to 7 cm or more, simple or with relatively few branches; loosely compacted and then sparsely tomentose, or closely compact and rather densely tomentose.

erect-spreading to subsecund, flexuose-contorted when dry, to 7 mm;

from a short ovate-lanceolate and ± sheathing base gradually or rather shortly narrowed to an elongate subula, lamina 2-stratose distally;

margins erect, becoming serrulate towards the apex, 1-stratose proximally, 2-stratose in the subula;

costa rather thin and narrow at the base, broader distally and occupying most of the base of the subula, excurrent, in section with a broad band of guide cells and shallow adaxial and abaxial stereid bands;

cells of the leaf base rectangular to oblong-hexagonal, narrowed towards the margin and forming a ± distinct hyaline zone, elongate-rectangular in distal leaf base and subula.

often ± falcate, slightly or not flexuose, subula of leaves often spirally twisted together, 4–7 mm, tapering ± gradually from an elongate ovate sheathing base to a long subula, lamina 1-stratose proximally, often 2-stratose distally in the subula;

margins spinulose-denticulate in distal part of the subula or sometimes ± entire, often 2-stratose distally;

costa occupying 1/4–1/3 width of leaf base, weakly abaxially convex, with poorly developed stereid bands abaxially and adaxially;

cells of the subula and distal part of leaf base short, isodiametric to rhomboid to short rectangular, those of the leaf base becoming elongate, rectangular, with ± nodulose longitudinal walls, particularly near the costa, cells of the basal margins narrower.

yellow or sometimes reddish brown near base, elongate, to 4 cm or occasionally longer, flexuose.

dark reddish brown, to 2.5 cm, ± flexuose.

autoicous;

perigonia axillary;

perichaetial leaves shorter than stem leaves, the base not sheathing.

dioicous;

sporophytes rare;

male plants slightly smaller than rarer female plants.

suberect to somewhat inclined, yellow to brownish yellow, reddish brown with age, subcylindric, with a broadened base tapering gradually to a narrowed mouth, 1–2.5 mm, slightly asymmetric, weakly furrowed when dry and empty;

operculum conic-rostrate, to about 0.8 mm;

peristome 300–800 µm, pale brown to yellowish orange, 2-fid to a very short basal membrane, densely spiculose throughout.

erect and symmetric to slightly inclined, dark brown, ± cylindric, 1.5–2 mm;

operculum high-conic to conic-rostrate, to about 1 mm;

peristome teeth about 400 µm, pale, 2-fid, divided to near base, densely papillose, fragile.

long-cucullate.

rounded to obscurely tetrahedral, 15–30 µm, coarsely and sparsely papillose, brown.

12–15 µm, finely papillose.

asexual reproduction unknown.

asexual reproduction unknown.