Dithyrea |
Dithyrea maritima |
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shieldpod, spectacle-pod |
beach shieldpod, beach spectaclepod |
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Habit | Annuals or perennials; (rhizomatous); not scapose; densely pubescent, trichomes stalked, stellate to subdendritic, sometimes as simple clavate papillae on fruits. | Perennials; (rhizomatous). | ||||
Stems | erect or decumbent, branched basally and distally. |
several from base, decumbent, unbranched or branched (few) distally, 1–2.1 dm. |
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Leaves | basal and cauline; petiolate or subsessile; basal rosulate, petiolate, blade margins dentate, sometimes repand, rarely pinnatifid; cauline petiolate, sessile, or subsessile, blade margins entire, dentate, or repand. |
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Basal leaves | petiole 1–6(–8) cm; blade broadly ovate to suborbicular or oblanceolate, 1–5(–6) cm × 7–40 mm, base cuneate, margins dentate, sometimes repand. |
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Cauline leaves | (distal) shortly petiolate to subsessile; blade ovate or oblong, 1–3 cm × 8–20 mm, base cuneate, margins entire, sometimes repand. |
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Racemes | (densely corymbose), considerably elongated or not elongated in fruit. |
not elongated in fruit. |
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Flowers | sepals erect, linear or oblong-linear, (forming tube, connivent), lateral pair saccate basally; petals (erect), white, lavender, or purplish, lingulate, (longer than sepals), claw undifferentiated from blade; stamens (erect), tetradynamous; filaments not dilated basally, (filiform); anthers narrowly linear or sagittate; nectar glands: lateral annular, median confluent with lateral; (gynophore to 0.5 mm). |
sepals lavender, oblong-linear, (6–)7–10 × 0.8–1.2 mm; petals white to purplish, 12–15 × 2.5–3.5 mm; filaments 5.5–7.5 mm; anthers 2–3 mm. |
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Fruiting pedicels | divaricate, stout, (straight, with 2 well-developed glands basally). |
1.5–2.5 mm. |
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Fruits | silicles, sessile or shortly stipitate, didymous, not winged, strongly angustiseptate; valves 1-seeded, ovate, suborbicular, or slightly broader than long, keeled, enclosing seeds when falling off, indurated around margin, (rim raised), pubescent (with branched or clavate, simple papillae); replum concealed by valve margin; septum complete; ovules 2 per ovary; style distinct, (pubescent); stigma capitate, entire. |
valves suborbicular, 8–11 × 8–10 mm, base and apex rounded, pubescent, trichomes stellate, sessile, sometimes mixed with basally forked, or, rarely, simple ones (clavate papillae absent); style 0.3–1 mm. |
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Seeds | aseriate, flattened, not winged, oblong; seed coat (smooth), not mucilaginous when wetted; cotyledons accumbent. |
3–4 × 2–2.5 mm. |
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x | = 10. |
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2n | = 60. |
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Dithyrea |
Dithyrea maritima |
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Phenology | Flowering Mar–Aug. | |||||
Habitat | Seashores, coastal sand dunes | |||||
Elevation | 0-50 m (0-200 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
sw United States; nw Mexico |
CA; Mexico (Baja California) |
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Discussion | Species 2 (2 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Of conservation concern. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 607. | FNA vol. 7, p. 608. | ||||
Parent taxa | ||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Biscutella californica var. maritima, D. californica var. maritima | |||||
Name authority | Harvey: London J. Bot. 4: 77, plate 5. (1845) | (Davidson) Davidson: in A. Davidson and G. L. Moxley, Fl. S. Calif., 151. (1923) | ||||
Web links |