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shieldpod, spectacle-pod

Habit Annuals or perennials; (rhizomatous); not scapose; densely pubescent, trichomes stalked, stellate to subdendritic, sometimes as simple clavate papillae on fruits. Annuals, biennials, perennials, or subshrubs; eglandular.
Stems

erect or decumbent, branched basally and distally.

Leaves

basal and cauline;

petiolate or subsessile;

basal rosulate, petiolate, blade margins dentate, sometimes repand, rarely pinnatifid;

cauline petiolate, sessile, or subsessile, blade margins entire, dentate, or repand.

Cauline leaves

petiolate, sessile, or subsessile;

blade base usually not auriculate (except Paysonia), margins entire, dentate, or sinuate.

Trichomes

usually short-stalked, subsessile, or sessile, sometimes long-stalked, stellate, scalelike, subdendritic, or forked, sometimes mixed with simple ones.

Racemes

(densely corymbose), considerably elongated or not elongated in fruit.

ebracteate, often elongated in fruit.

Flowers

sepals erect, linear or oblong-linear, (forming tube, connivent), lateral pair saccate basally;

petals (erect), white, lavender, or purplish, lingulate, (longer than sepals), claw undifferentiated from blade;

stamens (erect), tetradynamous;

filaments not dilated basally, (filiform);

anthers narrowly linear or sagittate;

nectar glands: lateral annular, median confluent with lateral; (gynophore to 0.5 mm).

actinomorphic;

sepals erect, spreading, ascending, or reflexed, lateral pair seldom saccate basally;

petals white, yellow, lavender, purple, violet, orange, or brown [pink], claw present, often distinct;

filaments unappendaged, not winged;

pollen (3 or) 4–11-colpate.

Fruiting pedicels

divaricate, stout, (straight, with 2 well-developed glands basally).

Fruits

silicles, sessile or shortly stipitate, didymous, not winged, strongly angustiseptate;

valves 1-seeded, ovate, suborbicular, or slightly broader than long, keeled, enclosing seeds when falling off, indurated around margin, (rim raised), pubescent (with branched or clavate, simple papillae);

replum concealed by valve margin;

septum complete;

ovules 2 per ovary;

style distinct, (pubescent);

stigma capitate, entire.

silicles or siliques, dehiscent, unsegmented, terete, latiseptate, or angustiseptate;

ovules 2–100 per ovary;

style usually distinct;

stigma entire or strongly 2-lobed.

Seeds

aseriate, flattened, not winged, oblong;

seed coat (smooth), not mucilaginous when wetted;

cotyledons accumbent.

biseriate, uniseriate, or aseriate;

cotyledons accumbent or incumbent.

x

= 10.

Dithyrea

Brassicaceae tribe Physarieae

Distribution
from USDA
sw United States; nw Mexico
[BONAP county map]
North America; Mexico; South America; Asia (ne Russia)
Discussion

Species 2 (2 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Genera 7, species ca. 130 (7 genera, 105 species in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Annuals; racemes elongated in fruit; fruit valves 3.5-5(-6) × 4-6(-7) mm, trichomes as simple, clavate papillae (stellate hairs absent or, rarely, restricted to fruit margins).
D. californica
1. Perennials; racemes not elongated in fruit; fruit valves 8-11 × 8-10 mm, trichomes sessile, stellate, sometimes mixed with forked or, rarely, simple ones (clavate papillae absent).
D. maritima
Source FNA vol. 7, p. 607. Author: Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz. FNA vol. 7, p. 604.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Physarieae Brassicaceae
Subordinate taxa
D. californica, D. maritima
Name authority Harvey: London J. Bot. 4: 77, plate 5. (1845) B. L. Robinson: in A. Gray et al., Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 1(1,1): 100. (1895)
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