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flixweed, perennial wall-rocket, slime-leaf wallrocket, slimleaf wall-rocket

Habit Perennials, (usually suffrutescent, roots with shoots from adventitious buds), strongly scented (with glucosinolates), (glaucescent). Annuals, biennials, or perennials [shrubs]; eglandular.
Stems

erect, 2–7(–10) dm, glabrescent or sparsely pubescent basally.

Basal leaves

blade elliptic to obovate, 2–15 cm × 10–60(–80) mm, margins sinuate to deeply pinnatifid, (2–5 lobes each side).

Cauline leaves

petiolate;

similar to basal, (distal cauline shortly petiolate, blade similar, with narrower segments), surfaces usually glabrescent.

petiolate or sessile;

blade base auriculate or not, margins entire, dentate, serrate, or pinnately lobed.

Racemes

usually ebracteate, often elongated in fruit.

Flowers

sepals 4–6 mm, glabrous or pubescent, trichomes straight;

petals yellow, 7–11(–13) × 5–8 mm, (apex rounded);

filaments 4–8 mm;

anthers 2.5–3 mm;

gynophore 0.5–3 mm.

actinomorphic;

sepals erect, ascending, or spreading, lateral pair saccate or not basally;

petals white, cream, yellow, pink, lilac, lavender, or purple, claw present, often distinct;

filaments unappendaged, not winged;

pollen 3-colpate.

Fruiting pedicels

8–35 mm.

Fruits

usually erect, rarely ascending, (somewhat torulose, slightly compressed), 2–5 cm × 1.5–2.5 mm;

terminal segment (stout), beaklike, 1.5–3 mm, seedless; (ovules 20–32(–46) per ovary).

silicles or siliques, dehiscent or indehiscent, usually segmented, usually latiseptate or terete (subterete or 4-angled in Erucastrum) [angustiseptate];

ovules (1–)2–276[–numerous] per ovary;

style usually distinct (absent in Cakile, obscure in Carrichtera, obsolete in Eruca);

stigma entire or strongly 2-lobed (sometimes slightly 2-lobed in Cakile).

Seeds

1–1.3 × 0.6–0.9 mm.

biseriate, uniseriate, or aseriate;

cotyledons usually conduplicate, rarely accumbent or incumbent (in Cakile).

Trichomes

absent or simple.

2n

= 22.

Diplotaxis tenuifolia

Brassicaceae tribe Brassiceae

Phenology Flowering spring–fall.
Habitat Waste places, disturbed areas, wharf and railroad ballast, sandy beaches, muddy shores, wet woods, mountain slopes
Elevation 0-2100 m (0-6900 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CA; CT; FL; GA; IN; MA; ME; MI; MO; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OR; PA; TX; NS; ON; QC; Eurasia; Africa [Introduced in North America; introduced also in South America (Argentina), Australia]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
North America; Eurasia; n Africa [Introduced widely]
Discussion

Diplotaxis tenuifolia was introduced from Europe as a ballast plant in the last century. It may have failed to persist in some of the recorded provinces and states.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Genera 46, species ca. 245 (13 genera, 28 species in the flora).

The generic boundaries in Brassiceae are largely artificial, and the number of genera may be substantially reduced.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 7, p. 433. FNA vol. 7, p. 419.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Brassiceae > Diplotaxis Brassicaceae
Sibling taxa
D. erucoides, D. muralis
Subordinate taxa
Synonyms Sisymbrium tenuifolium
Name authority (Linnaeus) de Candolle: Syst. Nat. 2: 632. (1821) de Candolle: Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat. 7: 242. (1821)
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