Diplacus tricolor |
Diplacus bicolor |
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tricolor monkeyflower |
harlequin monkeyflower, Whitney's monkeyflower |
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Habit | Herbs, annual, acaulescent or caulescent. | Herbs, annual, herbage usually drying dark. |
Stems | erect or ascending, 10–140(–170) mm, densely glandular-puberulent. |
erect or ascending, 10–140(–220) mm, glandular-puberulent to glandular-pubescent. |
Leaves | basal densely clustered; petiole absent; blade narrowly elliptic to oblanceolate, (5–)8–45(–60) × (1–)3–12(–20) mm, margins entire, sometimes toothed, plane, not ciliate, apex obtuse, surfaces glandular-puberulent. |
usually cauline, relatively even-sized; petiole absent; blade narrowly elliptic to narrowly oblanceolate, linear-lanceolate, or linear, (4–)7–23(–34) × 1–5(–8) mm, margins entire, plane, not ciliate, apex acute, surfaces glandular-puberulent. |
Pedicels | 1–3(–5) mm in fruit. |
1–3(–4) mm in fruit. |
Flowers | 1 per node, chasmogamous. |
2 per node, or 1 or 2 per node on 1 plant, chasmogamous. |
Styles | usually glandular-puberulent. |
glandular-puberulent. |
Corollas | tricolored, limb and throat magenta to purple, each lobe with a discrete, dark maroon-purple blotch at base, all 3 blotches of abaxial lip round and not usually extending into throat, palate ridges yellow, flanked with white, sometimes purple-spotted, tube-throat (13–)15–50 mm, limb 7–21 mm diam., bilabiate, lobes equal. |
(a) magenta, darkening toward mouth and within tube, often nearly obscuring dark longitudinal stripes within, throat floor or at least palate ridges yellow, or (b) yellow, usually with maroon stripes in throat extending onto lobe bases, sometimes with maroon blotches on adaxial lateral walls of throat, colored palate ridges ending in throat, tube-throat (10–)13–18(–20) mm, limb 10–19 mm diam., not bilabiate. |
Calyces | slightly asymmetrically attached to pedicel, not inflated in fruit, (6–)11–23 mm, densely glandular-puberulent, lobes subequal, apex obtuse, ribs often purplish proximally, intercostal areas whitish. |
symmetrically attached to pedicels, not inflated in fruit, (3–)4–8(–10) mm, glandular-puberulent, tube not strongly plicate, lobes triangular, subequal, apex acute-apiculate, ribs narrow, darkened, purplish, thin, not strongly raised, intercostal areas pale green. |
Capsules | (2–)3–8(–10) mm, indehiscent. |
(4.5–)6–10(–13) mm. |
Anthers | included, with apical tufts of short, eglandular hairs. |
included, ciliate. |
Stigmas | nearly exserted, lobes subequal. |
included, lobes equal. |
2n | = 18. |
= 16. |
Diplacus tricolor |
Diplacus bicolor |
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Phenology | Flowering Mar–Jul(–Aug). | Flowering May–Sep. |
Habitat | Vernally flooded depressions in grasslands, low spots and ditches in and around agricultural fields. | Disturbed areas, water runoff areas, granitic soils, edges of granite outcrops. |
Elevation | 50–1500 m. (200–4900 ft.) | (1200–)1500–3300 m. ((3900–)4900–10800 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; OR
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CA |
Discussion | Diplacus tricolor occurs in northwestern and south-central Oregon and from there across a disjunction to central California as far as Kern County. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Diplacus bicolor is endemic to Fresno, Kern, and Tulare counties in the southern Sierra Nevada. The combination D. whitneyi (A. Gray) G. L. Nesom is illegitimate, as Mimulus whitneyi A. Gray 1886, is a replacement name based on Eunanus bicolor A. Gray 1868. Diplacus bicolor, D. bigelovii, D. constrictus, D. graniticola, D. layneae, and D. thompsonii appear to be closely related species, sometimes intergrading where sympatric. Plants of each species often produce flowers at all nodes and have dark magenta corollas with nearly regular to weakly bilabiate limbs and villous vestiture. Specimens of each species dry to a dark color. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 447. | FNA vol. 17, p. 437. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Diplacus | Phrymaceae > Diplacus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus tricolor | Eunanus bicolor, M. nanus var. bicolor, M. whitneyi |
Name authority | (Hartweg ex Lindley) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 30. (2012) | (A. Gray) Hrusa: Phytoneuron 2014-17: 1. (2014) |
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