Diplacus mephiticus |
Diplacus cusickioides |
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foul odor monkeyflower, skunky monkeyflower |
Cusick's monkeyflower, Nesom's monkey-flower |
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Habit | Herbs, annual. | Herbs, annual. |
Stems | erect, (20–)30–150(–180) mm, glandular-pubescent and viscid-villous. |
erect to erect-ascending, (10–)30–240(–350) mm, distal internodes 1–5 mm, densely glandular-villous. |
Leaves | usually cauline, relatively even-sized; petiole absent; blade ovate to oblong or narrowly elliptic to narrowly lanceolate, narrowly oblong, or linear, 10–25 × 1–5 mm, margins entire, plane, not ciliate, apex rounded to obtuse or acute, surfaces usually glandular-pubescent and (at least along veins) viscid-villous. |
basal and cauline or usually cauline, relatively even-sized or gradually larger distally; petiole absent, proximal base short petiole-like, 1–5 mm; blade ovate to broadly elliptic-ovate, (10–)15–25(–35) × 4–16 mm, margins entire, plane, apex abruptly acuminate, surfaces densely glandular-villous. |
Pedicels | 1–3 mm in fruit. |
1–1.5 mm in fruit. |
Flowers | 2 per node, or 1 or 2 per node on 1 plant, chasmogamous. |
2 per node, or 1 or 2 per node on 1 plant, chasmogamous. |
Styles | glabrous or sparsely glandular-puberulent. |
puberulent, at least on distal 1/2. |
Corollas | of 2 color forms: (a) dark magenta, purplish, or reddish with palate ridges or whole throat floor yellow, red- or purple-dotted, lateral lobes yellowish inside and (b) yellow with red or purple spots on floor, tube-throat 8–12(–15) mm, tube 1.3–1.9 mm diam. at filament insertion, limb 5–12(–15) mm diam., bilabiate. |
magenta or rose purple, tube yellow, throat usually yellow, throat and distal tube red-spotted on floor, palate ridges yellow, tube-throat 13–16(–19) mm, limb 14–26 mm diam., bilabiate. |
Calyces | symmetrically attached to pedicels, slightly inflated in fruit, (3–)4–7(–9) mm, glandular-pubescent and viscid-villous (at least along veins), lobes subequal, apex acute to acuminate, ribs dark green to purplish, intercostal areas whitish. |
symmetrically attached to pedicels, not inflated in fruit, 7–12 mm, glabrous or minutely stipitate-glandular, lobes unequal, apex linear-acuminate, sharp-pointed, ribs green distally, intercostal areas whitish. |
Capsules | 5–8 mm. |
10–17 mm. |
Anthers | exserted, short-hirsute. |
included, glabrous or sparsely hirsutulous. |
Stigmas | exserted or at opening of corolla tube-throat, lobes subequal to unequal, abaxial to 2 times adaxial. |
exserted, lobes subequal (herkogamous). |
Diplacus mephiticus |
Diplacus cusickioides |
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Phenology | Flowering (May–)Jun–Aug(–Sep). | Flowering May–Aug. |
Habitat | Openings in sagebrush, disturbed slopes, granite outcrops, serpentine substrates, gravelly and sandy soils, sandy moraines, pumice flats, gravelly washes, meadows, shadscale and sagebrush communities, pinyon-juniper and ponderosa pine woodlands. | Lava formations, steep slopes, roadsides, volcanic gravels, scree, ash. |
Elevation | 1300–3700 m. (4300–12100 ft.) | (400–)600–1500(–2000) m. ((1300–)2000–4900(–6600) ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; NV
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CA; ID; OR; WA
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Discussion | Diplacus mephiticus occurs in eastern California and west-central Nevada. Various synonyms treated here are in agreement with D. M. Thompson (2005). Mimulus coccineus (mostly from Eldorado to Tulare counties, California, and, apparently, including Eunanus angustifolius Greene from Mt. Rose, Nevada) includes relatively small, tufted plants at high elevations with relatively small calyces and relatively small, dark red-purple, strongly bilabiate corollas with prominently exserted stamens. Mimulus densus (mostly in Nevada and in Lassen, Nevada, and Plumas counties, California) includes taller plants at lower elevations with a strong tendency to produce populations with all individuals with larger, yellow, nearly regular corollas with more nearly included stamens. Typical Diplacus mephiticus has moderate-sized plants at medium elevations with magenta, bilabiate corollas. The specific epithet mephiticus alludes to the musky odor of the plants; this has also been noted in plants of Mimulus coccineus and M. densus. Diplacus nanus, in which D. M. Thompson (2005) included D. mephiticus as a variety, apparently does not produce a mephitic odor. Diplacus cusickii also produces a mephitic odor (W. L. Ezell 1971). The later homonym Mimulus angustifolius (Greene) A. L. Grant 1925, not Hochstetter ex Richard 1850, based on Eunanus angustifolius, pertains here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Diplacus cusickioides occurs in western Idaho, eastern Oregon, Klickitat County, Washington, and apparently in a disjunct population system in Modoc County, California, on the east side of the Warner Mountains. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 441. | FNA vol. 17, p. 439. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Diplacus | Phrymaceae > Diplacus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus mephiticus, M. coccineus, M. coccineus var. wolfii, M. densus, M. nanus var. mephiticus, M. reifschneiderae, M. stamineus, M. washoensis, M. wolfii | |
Name authority | (Greene) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 29. (2012) | G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2013-65: 6, figs. 3, 4. (2013) |
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