Diplacus layneae |
Diplacus longiflorus |
|
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Layne's monkeyflower |
southern bush monkeyflower |
|
Habit | Herbs, annual, herbage usually drying dark. | Subshrubs. |
Stems | erect, 30–160(–300) mm, nodes 3–6, glandular-puberulent to glandular-pubescent, hairs 0.2–0.8 mm. |
erect, 300–1000(–2000) mm, glandular-puberulent and short-villous. |
Leaves | usually cauline, relatively even-sized; petiole weakly delimited; blade elliptic to narrowly elliptic, oblanceolate, elliptic-oblanceolate, or elliptic-lanceolate, 8–27(–35) × 2–8 mm, margins entire, rarely toothed, plane, apex rounded to obtuse, surfaces: proximals often glabrate, distals glandular-puberulent or glandular-pubescent. |
usually cauline, relatively even-sized; petiole absent; blade elliptic to lanceolate, elliptic-lanceolate, or elliptic-oblanceolate, 25–65(–80) × 4–15(–25) mm, margins entire or serrate, revolute, apex acute to obtuse, abaxial surfaces densely hairy, hairs branched, adaxial glabrescent. |
Pedicels | 2–4(–5) mm in fruit. |
5–16 mm in fruit. |
Flowers | 2 per node, or 1 or 2 per node on 1 plant, chasmogamous. |
2 per node, chasmogamous. |
Styles | glandular-puberulent. |
minutely glandular. |
Corollas | pinkish or pale to dark magenta or red-purple, each lobe usually with a faint to dark medial line extending 1/2 or less to tip, throat floor yellowish near base, mostly white with red-purple dots near mouth, palate ridges white, tube-throat 10–15 mm, limb (8–)10–16 mm diam., not bilabiate. |
light orange to pale yellow-orange, palate ridges orangish, tube-throat 34–45 mm, limb (25–)28–40 mm diam., bilabiate, lobes oblong, apex of adaxial 2 each shallowly incised. |
Calyces | symmetrically attached to pedicels, not inflated in fruit, (5–)6–8(–9) mm, glandular-puberulent to glandular-pubescent, tube strongly plicate, lobes triangular, subequal, apex acute, ribs broad, darkened, blackish, thickened, strongly raised, intercostal areas whitish, membranous. |
not inflated in fruit, 22–32 mm, glandular-puberulent and short glandular-villous to hirsute-villous, tube slightly dilated distally, lobes unequal, apex acute, ribs green, intercostal areas light green. |
Capsules | 6–10(–13) mm. |
18–28 mm. |
Anthers | included, ciliate. |
included, glabrous. |
Stigmas | included, lobes unequal, abaxial 1.5 times adaxial. |
included, lobes equal. |
2n | = 16. |
= 20. |
Diplacus layneae |
Diplacus longiflorus |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–Aug. | Flowering (Mar–)Apr–Jul. |
Habitat | Road banks, serpentine, granitic sand, red clay, lava beds and volcanic soils, openings in chaparral, shallow dry streambeds or stream banks, burned or otherwise disturbed open areas. | Rocky hillsides and slopes, talus, chaparral, live oak woodlands. |
Elevation | (100–)400–2400 m. ((300–)1300–7900 ft.) | (50–)100–1300(–1800) m. ((200–)300–4300(–5900) ft.) |
Distribution |
CA
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CA; Mexico (Baja California)
|
Discussion | D. M. Thompson (2005) observed that two forms of Diplacus layneae co-occur from the Yosemite National Park area southward; one of these is recognized here as D. graniticola. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Diplacus longiflorus occurs in southwestern California and northeastern Baja California. Plants and populations intermediate between Diplacus longiflorus and D. puniceus are found where their ranges meet in Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, and San Diego counties. The intermediate morphology and geography indicate that these are hybrids (as has been hypothesized by, for example, M. A. Streisfeld and J. R. Kohn 2005; D. M. Thompson 2005; M. C. Tulig and G. L. Nesom 2012), which have been identified as D. ×australis (McMinn ex Munz) Tulig. Streisfeld and Kohn found that in San Diego County, D. longiflorus and D. puniceus are discrete in morphology and separated in geography, with a narrow zone of hybrids and putative introgressants between. Plants identified as Diplacus ×lompocensis McMinn (as species) occur where the geographic ranges of D. aurantiacus and D. longiflorus meet in Santa Barbara County and southern San Luis Obispo County; these plants have floral features intermediate between these two species. Stable populations of the putative hybrid are found throughout this region, although at either end of its distribution, the populations may more closely resemble the nearer parent. Considering that both D. aurantiacus and D. longiflorus are morphologically consistent across broad regions, D. ×lompocensis is perhaps best interpreted as a zone of introgression. Diplacus ×australis and D. ×lompocensis are similar to D. longiflorus as well as to each other in most features; they are easily separated only by geographic range. Diplacus longiflorus is distinct from both in its larger corolla features and, frequently, calyx indument. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 437. | FNA vol. 17, p. 450. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Diplacus | Phrymaceae > Diplacus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Eunanus layneae, Mimulus brachiatus, M. layneae | D. arachnoideus, D. glutinosus var. pubescens, Mimulus aurantiacus var. pubescens, M. longiflorus |
Name authority | (Greene) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 29. (2012) | Nuttall: Ann. Nat. Hist. 1: 139. (1838) — (as longiflora) |
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