FNA: Diplacus graniticola vs. Diplacus parviflorus

	Diplacus graniticola	Diplacus parviflorus
	granite-crack monkeyflower	island bush monkeyflower
Habit	Herbs, annual, herbage usually drying dark.	Subshrubs or shrubs.
Stems	erect, 60–120(–150) mm, nodes 4–15(–20), internodes shorter than leaves, glandular-villous with gland-tipped hairs 1–1.6 mm.	erect to ascending-erect, 300–1200 mm, glabrous.
Leaves	usually cauline, relatively even-sized; petiole weakly delimited; blade usually lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 20–40 × 4–12 mm, margins entire, rarely toothed, plane, apex rounded to obtuse or acute, surfaces: proximals often glabrate abaxially, distals glandular-villous.	cauline, relatively even-sized; petiole absent; blade elliptic to broadly elliptic-oblanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, 15–60 × 4–21 mm, margins entire or serrate, plane or revolute, apex acute to obtuse or rounded, surfaces glabrous.
Pedicels	1–3 mm in fruit.	6–15 mm in fruit.
Flowers	2 per node, or 1 or 2 per node on 1 plant, chasmogamous.	2 per node, chasmogamous.
Styles	glandular-puberulent.	minutely glandular.
Corollas	nearly white or pale lavender to pinkish or pale to dark magenta, each lobe with a dark medial line extending nearly to tip, throat with a dark red or purple splotch at junction of each abaxial lobe and adjacent lateral lobe, throat floor sometimes with 2 adjacent white splotches at lateral lobe bases, palate ridges yellow, tube-throat 15–20 mm, limb 10–16 mm diam., bilabiate.	deep red to scarlet, throat sometimes orange, not spotted or striped, palate ridges red to orange-red, tube-throat 27–33 mm, limb 12–16 mm diam., bilabiate, lobes oblong, each truncate-entire to slightly emarginate.
Calyces	symmetrically attached to pedicels, not inflated in fruit, 8–12 mm, glandular-villous, tube strongly plicate, lobes triangular, subequal, apex acute, ribs narrow, darkened, blackish, thickened, strongly raised, intercostal areas green to purple, not membranous.	not inflated in fruit, 18–25 mm, glabrous, tube slightly dilated distally, lobes unequal, apex acute, ribs green, intercostal areas light green.
Capsules	6–10 mm.	14–21 mm.
Anthers	included, ciliate.	exserted, glabrous.
Stigmas	included, lobes unequal, abaxial 1.5 times adaxial.	exserted, lobes equal.
2n	= 16.	= 20.

	Diplacus graniticola	Diplacus parviflorus
Phenology	Flowering Apr–Sep.	Flowering Mar–Aug.
Habitat	Granite cracks and crevices.	Hillsides, canyons, rocky slopes and walls, bluffs, sea cliffs.
Elevation	300–2100 m. (1000–6900 ft.)	10–400 m. (0–1300 ft.)
Distribution	CA [WildflowerSearch map]	CA [WildflowerSearch map] [BONAP county map]
Discussion	Diplacus graniticola occurs in the Sierra Nevada from Tuolumne County to northern Tulare County. These plants previously were identified within D. layneae, with which they are partially sympatric; where these two occur together, D. layneae often grows in granite-derived sand and gravel immediately adjacent to the granite rock habitat of D. graniticola. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)	Diplacus parviflorus is known from four of the Channel Islands (Anacapa, San Clemente, Santa Cruz, and Santa Rosa). Hybrids with Diplacus longiflorus occur on Santa Cruz Island; A. L. Grant (according to label data of collections) found these to be fairly common on open hillsides near Friar’s Harbor and Valdez, where the two species grew near each other though apparently separated in habitat, with typical D. parviflorus mostly in the canyons and D. longiflorus on open hillsides. She noted that the apparent hybrids were variable in all possible combinations of features of the leaves, calyces, and corollas, including color. Mimulus parviflorus (Greene) A. L. Grant 1925, not Lindley 1825, pertains here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Source	FNA vol. 17, p. 438.	FNA vol. 17, p. 452.
Parent taxa	Phrymaceae > Diplacus	Phrymaceae > Diplacus
Sibling taxa	D. angustatus, D. aridus, D. aurantiacus, D. bicolor, D. bigelovii, D. bolanderi, D. brandegeei, D. brevipes, D. calycinus, D. cascadensis, D. clevelandii, D. clivicola, D. compactus, D. congdonii, D. constrictus, D. cusickii, D. cusickioides, D. deschutesensis, D. douglasii, D. fremontii, D. grandiflorus, D. jepsonii, D. johnstonii, D. kelloggii, D. layneae, D. leptaleus, D. linearis, D. longiflorus, D. mephiticus, D. mohavensis, D. nanus, D. ovatus, D. parryi, D. parviflorus, D. pictus, D. pulchellus, D. puniceus, D. pygmaeus, D. rattanii, D. rupicola, D. rutilus, D. thompsonii, D. torreyi, D. traskiae, D. tricolor, D. vandenbergensis, D. viscidus	D. angustatus, D. aridus, D. aurantiacus, D. bicolor, D. bigelovii, D. bolanderi, D. brandegeei, D. brevipes, D. calycinus, D. cascadensis, D. clevelandii, D. clivicola, D. compactus, D. congdonii, D. constrictus, D. cusickii, D. cusickioides, D. deschutesensis, D. douglasii, D. fremontii, D. grandiflorus, D. graniticola, D. jepsonii, D. johnstonii, D. kelloggii, D. layneae, D. leptaleus, D. linearis, D. longiflorus, D. mephiticus, D. mohavensis, D. nanus, D. ovatus, D. parryi, D. pictus, D. pulchellus, D. puniceus, D. pygmaeus, D. rattanii, D. rupicola, D. rutilus, D. thompsonii, D. torreyi, D. traskiae, D. tricolor, D. vandenbergensis, D. viscidus
Synonyms		Mimulus aurantiacus var. parviflorus, M. flemingii
Name authority	Schoenig: Phytoneuron 2017-24: 1, figs. 1, 3–10. (2017)	Greene: Pittonia 1: 36. (1887)
Web links	Local floras: CA Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search	Local floras: CA Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search

Diplacus parviflorus

granite-crack monkeyflower

island bush monkeyflower

Habit

Herbs, annual, herbage usually drying dark.

Subshrubs or shrubs.

Stems

erect, 60–120(–150) mm, nodes 4–15(–20), internodes shorter than leaves, glandular-villous with gland-tipped hairs 1–1.6 mm.

erect to ascending-erect, 300–1200 mm, glabrous.

Leaves

usually cauline, relatively even-sized;

petiole weakly delimited;

blade usually lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 20–40 × 4–12 mm, margins entire, rarely toothed, plane, apex rounded to obtuse or acute, surfaces: proximals often glabrate abaxially, distals glandular-villous.

cauline, relatively even-sized;

petiole absent;

blade elliptic to broadly elliptic-oblanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, 15–60 × 4–21 mm, margins entire or serrate, plane or revolute, apex acute to obtuse or rounded, surfaces glabrous.

Pedicels

1–3 mm in fruit.

6–15 mm in fruit.

Flowers

2 per node, or 1 or 2 per node on 1 plant, chasmogamous.

2 per node, chasmogamous.

Styles

glandular-puberulent.

minutely glandular.

Corollas

nearly white or pale lavender to pinkish or pale to dark magenta, each lobe with a dark medial line extending nearly to tip, throat with a dark red or purple splotch at junction of each abaxial lobe and adjacent lateral lobe, throat floor sometimes with 2 adjacent white splotches at lateral lobe bases, palate ridges yellow, tube-throat 15–20 mm, limb 10–16 mm diam., bilabiate.

deep red to scarlet, throat sometimes orange, not spotted or striped, palate ridges red to orange-red, tube-throat 27–33 mm, limb 12–16 mm diam., bilabiate, lobes oblong, each truncate-entire to slightly emarginate.

Calyces

symmetrically attached to pedicels, not inflated in fruit, 8–12 mm, glandular-villous, tube strongly plicate, lobes triangular, subequal, apex acute, ribs narrow, darkened, blackish, thickened, strongly raised, intercostal areas green to purple, not membranous.

not inflated in fruit, 18–25 mm, glabrous, tube slightly dilated distally, lobes unequal, apex acute, ribs green, intercostal areas light green.

Capsules

6–10 mm.

14–21 mm.

Anthers

included, ciliate.

exserted, glabrous.

Stigmas

included, lobes unequal, abaxial 1.5 times adaxial.

exserted, lobes equal.

= 16.

= 20.

Diplacus graniticola

Diplacus parviflorus

Phenology

Flowering Apr–Sep.

Flowering Mar–Aug.

Habitat

Granite cracks and crevices.

Hillsides, canyons, rocky slopes and walls, bluffs, sea cliffs.

Elevation

300–2100 m. (1000–6900 ft.)

10–400 m. (0–1300 ft.)

Distribution

[WildflowerSearch map]

[BONAP county map]

Discussion

Diplacus graniticola occurs in the Sierra Nevada from Tuolumne County to northern Tulare County. These plants previously were identified within D. layneae, with which they are partially sympatric; where these two occur together, D. layneae often grows in granite-derived sand and gravel immediately adjacent to the granite rock habitat of D. graniticola.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Diplacus parviflorus is known from four of the Channel Islands (Anacapa, San Clemente, Santa Cruz, and Santa Rosa).

Hybrids with Diplacus longiflorus occur on Santa Cruz Island; A. L. Grant (according to label data of collections) found these to be fairly common on open hillsides near Friar’s Harbor and Valdez, where the two species grew near each other though apparently separated in habitat, with typical D. parviflorus mostly in the canyons and D. longiflorus on open hillsides. She noted that the apparent hybrids were variable in all possible combinations of features of the leaves, calyces, and corollas, including color.

Mimulus parviflorus (Greene) A. L. Grant 1925, not Lindley 1825, pertains here.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source

FNA vol. 17, p. 438.

FNA vol. 17, p. 452.

Parent taxa

Phrymaceae > Diplacus

Sibling taxa

D. angustatus, D. aridus, D. aurantiacus, D. bicolor, D. bigelovii, D. bolanderi, D. brandegeei, D. brevipes, D. calycinus, D. cascadensis, D. clevelandii, D. clivicola, D. compactus, D. congdonii, D. constrictus, D. cusickii, D. cusickioides, D. deschutesensis, D. douglasii, D. fremontii, D. grandiflorus, D. jepsonii, D. johnstonii, D. kelloggii, D. layneae, D. leptaleus, D. linearis, D. longiflorus, D. mephiticus, D. mohavensis, D. nanus, D. ovatus, D. parryi, D. parviflorus, D. pictus, D. pulchellus, D. puniceus, D. pygmaeus, D. rattanii, D. rupicola, D. rutilus, D. thompsonii, D. torreyi, D. traskiae, D. tricolor, D. vandenbergensis, D. viscidus

D. angustatus, D. aridus, D. aurantiacus, D. bicolor, D. bigelovii, D. bolanderi, D. brandegeei, D. brevipes, D. calycinus, D. cascadensis, D. clevelandii, D. clivicola, D. compactus, D. congdonii, D. constrictus, D. cusickii, D. cusickioides, D. deschutesensis, D. douglasii, D. fremontii, D. grandiflorus, D. graniticola, D. jepsonii, D. johnstonii, D. kelloggii, D. layneae, D. leptaleus, D. linearis, D. longiflorus, D. mephiticus, D. mohavensis, D. nanus, D. ovatus, D. parryi, D. pictus, D. pulchellus, D. puniceus, D. pygmaeus, D. rattanii, D. rupicola, D. rutilus, D. thompsonii, D. torreyi, D. traskiae, D. tricolor, D. vandenbergensis, D. viscidus

Synonyms

Mimulus aurantiacus var. parviflorus, M. flemingii

Name authority

Schoenig: Phytoneuron 2017-24: 1, figs. 1, 3–10. (2017)

Greene: Pittonia 1: 36. (1887)

Web links

Unless otherwise noted, all data comes from the online version of the Flora of North America, who have made most of their content available via a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0).

Choose a data source: Flora of North America

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Flora of North America species comparison

Diplacus graniticola

Diplacus parviflorus

Diplacus graniticola

Diplacus parviflorus