Flora of North America species comparison

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Diplacus bicolor

Diplacus douglasii

harlequin monkeyflower, Whitney's monkeyflower

brownies, Douglas' monkeyflower, mouse-ear monkeyflower, purple mouse-ears
Habit Herbs, annual, herbage usually drying dark. Herbs, annual.
Stems

erect or ascending, 10–140(–220) mm, glandular-puberulent to glandular-pubescent.

erect, 3–40(–80) mm, glandular-puberulent and/or glandular-pubescent.
Leaves

usually cauline, relatively even-sized;

petiole absent;

blade narrowly elliptic to narrowly oblanceolate, linear-lanceolate, or linear, (4–)7–23(–34) × 1–5(–8) mm, margins entire, plane, not ciliate, apex acute, surfaces glandular-puberulent.

usually basal, reduced distally;

petiole absent, larger with petiole-like extension;

blade obovate to elliptic, 5–28(–35) × (2–)3–10(–12) mm, margins entire or crenate, plane, not ciliate, apex obtuse, surfaces: proximals glabrate, distals glandular-pilose adaxially.
Pedicels

1–3(–4) mm in fruit.

(1–)2–4 mm in fruit, usually twisting to invert calyx.
Flowers

2 per node, or 1 or 2 per node on 1 plant, chasmogamous.

2 per node, or 1 or 2 per node on 1 plant, chasmogamous or cleistogamous.
Styles

glandular-puberulent.

pubescent distally.
Corollas

(a) magenta, darkening toward mouth and within tube, often nearly obscuring dark longitudinal stripes within, throat floor or at least palate ridges yellow, or (b) yellow, usually with maroon stripes in throat extending onto lobe bases, sometimes with maroon blotches on adaxial lateral walls of throat, colored palate ridges ending in throat, tube-throat (10–)13–18(–20) mm, limb 10–19 mm diam., not bilabiate.

throat magenta to dark purple, inside with longitudinal gold markings basally, adaxial lip magenta, palate ridges golden yellow, tube-throat (15–)20–41(–45) mm, limb 10–14 mm diam., abaxial lip essentially absent.
Calyces

symmetrically attached to pedicels, not inflated in fruit, (3–)4–8(–10) mm, glandular-puberulent, tube not strongly plicate, lobes triangular, subequal, apex acute-apiculate, ribs narrow, darkened, purplish, thin, not strongly raised, intercostal areas pale green.

distinctly asymmetrically attached to pedicel, not inflated in fruit, (6–)8–14(–15) mm, sparsely glandular-pilose, lobes subequal, apex appearing acute due to their continuity with ribs, ribs green to purplish, intercostal areas whitish.
Capsules

(4.5–)6–10(–13) mm.

(2.5–)3–6.5 mm.
Anthers

included, ciliate.

(distal pair) nearly exserted, glabrous or glabrate.
Stigmas

included, lobes equal.

exserted, lobes unequal, abaxial 10–20 times adaxial.
2n

= 16.

= 18.

Diplacus bicolor

Diplacus douglasii
Phenology Flowering May–Sep. Flowering Feb–Apr(–May).
Habitat Disturbed areas, water runoff areas, granitic soils, edges of granite outcrops. Gentle to moderately steep slopes, upper banks of small creeks and ditches.
Elevation (1200–)1500–3300 m. ((3900–)4900–10800 ft.) 50–1200 m. (200–3900 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
CA
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; OR
[WildflowerSearch map]
Discussion

Diplacus bicolor is endemic to Fresno, Kern, and Tulare counties in the southern Sierra Nevada. The combination D. whitneyi (A. Gray) G. L. Nesom is illegitimate, as Mimulus whitneyi A. Gray 1886, is a replacement name based on Eunanus bicolor A. Gray 1868.

Diplacus bicolor, D. bigelovii, D. constrictus, D. graniticola, D. layneae, and D. thompsonii appear to be closely related species, sometimes intergrading where sympatric. Plants of each species often produce flowers at all nodes and have dark magenta corollas with nearly regular to weakly bilabiate limbs and villous vestiture. Specimens of each species dry to a dark color.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Diplacus douglasii occurs in southwestern Oregon and the northern two-thirds of California.

Diplacus douglasii is distinct in the complete or nearly complete lack of abaxial corolla lobes. Diplacus brandegeei, D. congdonii, D. kelloggii, and D. traskiae, the other species of sect. Cleisanthus, also show a distinct tendency toward reduction of the abaxial corolla lobes, and all species of the group except D. brandegeei produce markedly elongate corolla tubes.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Source FNA vol. 17, p. 437. FNA vol. 17, p. 445.
Parent taxa Phrymaceae > Diplacus Phrymaceae > Diplacus
Sibling taxa
D. angustatus, D. aridus, D. aurantiacus, D. bigelovii, D. bolanderi, D. brandegeei, D. brevipes, D. calycinus, D. cascadensis, D. clevelandii, D. clivicola, D. compactus, D. congdonii, D. constrictus, D. cusickii, D. cusickioides, D. deschutesensis, D. douglasii, D. fremontii, D. grandiflorus, D. graniticola, D. jepsonii, D. johnstonii, D. kelloggii, D. layneae, D. leptaleus, D. linearis, D. longiflorus, D. mephiticus, D. mohavensis, D. nanus, D. ovatus, D. parryi, D. parviflorus, D. pictus, D. pulchellus, D. puniceus, D. pygmaeus, D. rattanii, D. rupicola, D. rutilus, D. thompsonii, D. torreyi, D. traskiae, D. tricolor, D. vandenbergensis, D. viscidus
D. angustatus, D. aridus, D. aurantiacus, D. bicolor, D. bigelovii, D. bolanderi, D. brandegeei, D. brevipes, D. calycinus, D. cascadensis, D. clevelandii, D. clivicola, D. compactus, D. congdonii, D. constrictus, D. cusickii, D. cusickioides, D. deschutesensis, D. fremontii, D. grandiflorus, D. graniticola, D. jepsonii, D. johnstonii, D. kelloggii, D. layneae, D. leptaleus, D. linearis, D. longiflorus, D. mephiticus, D. mohavensis, D. nanus, D. ovatus, D. parryi, D. parviflorus, D. pictus, D. pulchellus, D. puniceus, D. pygmaeus, D. rattanii, D. rupicola, D. rutilus, D. thompsonii, D. torreyi, D. traskiae, D. tricolor, D. vandenbergensis, D. viscidus
Synonyms Eunanus bicolor, M. nanus var. bicolor, M. whitneyi Eunanus douglasii, Mimulus cleistogamus, M. douglasii
Name authority (A. Gray) Hrusa: Phytoneuron 2014-17: 1. (2014) (Bentham) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 32. (2012)
Web links 
Unless otherwise noted, all data comes from the online version of the Flora of North America, who have made most of their content available via a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0).



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