Flora of North America species comparison

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Diplacus bicolor

Diplacus aurantiacus

harlequin monkeyflower, Whitney's monkeyflower

bush monkeyflower, orange bush monkey-flower, red bush monkeyflower, sticky monkey-flower
Habit Herbs, annual, herbage usually drying dark. Subshrubs or shrubs.
Stems

erect or ascending, 10–140(–220) mm, glandular-puberulent to glandular-pubescent.

erect to ascending, 500–1200(–1500) mm, minutely hirtellous-hirsutulous and minutely stipitate-glandular.
Leaves

usually cauline, relatively even-sized;

petiole absent;

blade narrowly elliptic to narrowly oblanceolate, linear-lanceolate, or linear, (4–)7–23(–34) × 1–5(–8) mm, margins entire, plane, not ciliate, apex acute, surfaces glandular-puberulent.

usually cauline, relatively even-sized;

petiole absent or indistinct;

blade narrowly oblong to narrowly elliptic-lanceolate proximally to lanceolate to elliptic-lanceolate or elliptic distally, 15–60(–75) × 2–20 mm, margins entire or shallowly serrate, plane or revolute, apex obtuse to rounded, surfaces glabrous or abaxial sparsely to densely hairy, hairs branched, adaxial usually without unbranched hairs.
Pedicels

1–3(–4) mm in fruit.

4–13 mm in fruit.
Flowers

2 per node, or 1 or 2 per node on 1 plant, chasmogamous.

2(–4) per node, chasmogamous.
Styles

glandular-puberulent.

sparsely glandular.
Corollas

(a) magenta, darkening toward mouth and within tube, often nearly obscuring dark longitudinal stripes within, throat floor or at least palate ridges yellow, or (b) yellow, usually with maroon stripes in throat extending onto lobe bases, sometimes with maroon blotches on adaxial lateral walls of throat, colored palate ridges ending in throat, tube-throat (10–)13–18(–20) mm, limb 10–19 mm diam., not bilabiate.

yellow-orange to orange, not spotted or striped, palate ridges yellow to golden yellow or orange, tube-throat 25–30 mm, limb 20–30 mm diam., bilabiate to nearly rotate, lobes oblong, apex of adaxial 2 each shallowly, asymmetrically incised.
Calyces

symmetrically attached to pedicels, not inflated in fruit, (3–)4–8(–10) mm, glandular-puberulent, tube not strongly plicate, lobes triangular, subequal, apex acute-apiculate, ribs narrow, darkened, purplish, thin, not strongly raised, intercostal areas pale green.

not inflated in fruit, 18–30 mm, glabrous or minutely hirtellous and/or minutely stipitate-glandular, tube slightly dilated distally, lobes subequal to unequal, apex acute, ribs green, intercostal areas light green.
Capsules

(4.5–)6–10(–13) mm.

18–31 mm.
Anthers

included, ciliate.

exserted (at throat), glabrous.
Stigmas

included, lobes equal.

exserted, lobes equal.
2n

= 16.

= 20.

Diplacus bicolor

Diplacus aurantiacus
Phenology Flowering May–Sep. Flowering Apr–Aug.
Habitat Disturbed areas, water runoff areas, granitic soils, edges of granite outcrops. Sand dunes and bluffs, dry hillsides, grassy slopes, road banks, stream banks, basaltic knolls, rocky slopes and outcrops, open pine forests, coastal scrub.
Elevation (1200–)1500–3300 m. ((3900–)4900–10800 ft.) 0–700(–1000) m. (0–2300(–3300) ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
CA
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; OR
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Diplacus bicolor is endemic to Fresno, Kern, and Tulare counties in the southern Sierra Nevada. The combination D. whitneyi (A. Gray) G. L. Nesom is illegitimate, as Mimulus whitneyi A. Gray 1886, is a replacement name based on Eunanus bicolor A. Gray 1868.

Diplacus bicolor, D. bigelovii, D. constrictus, D. graniticola, D. layneae, and D. thompsonii appear to be closely related species, sometimes intergrading where sympatric. Plants of each species often produce flowers at all nodes and have dark magenta corollas with nearly regular to weakly bilabiate limbs and villous vestiture. Specimens of each species dry to a dark color.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Diplacus aurantiacus occurs from southwestern Oregon (Curry County) southward to Santa Barbara County, California.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Source FNA vol. 17, p. 437. FNA vol. 17, p. 449.
Parent taxa Phrymaceae > Diplacus Phrymaceae > Diplacus
Sibling taxa
D. angustatus, D. aridus, D. aurantiacus, D. bigelovii, D. bolanderi, D. brandegeei, D. brevipes, D. calycinus, D. cascadensis, D. clevelandii, D. clivicola, D. compactus, D. congdonii, D. constrictus, D. cusickii, D. cusickioides, D. deschutesensis, D. douglasii, D. fremontii, D. grandiflorus, D. graniticola, D. jepsonii, D. johnstonii, D. kelloggii, D. layneae, D. leptaleus, D. linearis, D. longiflorus, D. mephiticus, D. mohavensis, D. nanus, D. ovatus, D. parryi, D. parviflorus, D. pictus, D. pulchellus, D. puniceus, D. pygmaeus, D. rattanii, D. rupicola, D. rutilus, D. thompsonii, D. torreyi, D. traskiae, D. tricolor, D. vandenbergensis, D. viscidus
D. angustatus, D. aridus, D. bicolor, D. bigelovii, D. bolanderi, D. brandegeei, D. brevipes, D. calycinus, D. cascadensis, D. clevelandii, D. clivicola, D. compactus, D. congdonii, D. constrictus, D. cusickii, D. cusickioides, D. deschutesensis, D. douglasii, D. fremontii, D. grandiflorus, D. graniticola, D. jepsonii, D. johnstonii, D. kelloggii, D. layneae, D. leptaleus, D. linearis, D. longiflorus, D. mephiticus, D. mohavensis, D. nanus, D. ovatus, D. parryi, D. parviflorus, D. pictus, D. pulchellus, D. puniceus, D. pygmaeus, D. rattanii, D. rupicola, D. rutilus, D. thompsonii, D. torreyi, D. traskiae, D. tricolor, D. vandenbergensis, D. viscidus
Synonyms Eunanus bicolor, M. nanus var. bicolor, M. whitneyi Mimulus aurantiacus, D. glutinosus, D. glutinosus var. aurantiacus, M. glutinosus
Name authority (A. Gray) Hrusa: Phytoneuron 2014-17: 1. (2014) (Curtis) Jepson: Man. Fl. Pl. Calif., 919. (1925)
Web links 
Unless otherwise noted, all data comes from the online version of the Flora of North America, who have made most of their content available via a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0).



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