Digitaria sanguinalis |
Digitaria bicornis |
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common crabgrass, crabgrass, digitaire sanguine, hairy crab grass |
Asian crabgrass |
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Habit | Plants annual. | Plants of indefinite duration; sometimes stoloniferous. |
Culms | 20-70(112), often decumbent and rooting at the lower nodes. |
with erect portion 10-85 cm, long-decumbent, rooting and branching at the lower nodes. |
Sheaths | keeled, usually sparsely pubescent with papillose-based hairs; ligules 0.5-2.6 mm; blades 2-11(14) cm long, 3-8(12) mm wide, usually with papillose-based hairs on both surfaces, sometimes glabrous. |
with papillose-based hairs or the upper sheaths glabrous; ligules 1-4 mm; blades 3-14 cm long, 2-9 mm wide, mostly glabrous but the adaxial surfaces with papillose-based hairs basally. |
Panicles | with 4-13 spikelike primary branches, these subdigitate or on rachises to 6 cm; primary branches 3-30 cm long, 0.7-1.5 mm wide, flattened and winged, wings more than 1/2 as wide as the midribs, lower and middle portion of the branches bearing spikelets in unequally pedicellate pairs, pedicels not adnate to the branches; secondary branches rarely present. |
with (2)3-6 spikelike primary branches, these digitate or a few solitary branches below; lowest nodes glabrous or with hairs less than 0.4 mm; primary branches 6.5-21 cm long, 0.6-1.3 mm wide, axes winged, wings at least 1/2 as wide as the midribs, lower and middle portions bearing spikelets in unequally pedicellate pairs, pedicels not adnate to the branches; secondary branches absent; shorter pedicels about 0.2 mm; longer pedicels to 2 mm. |
Spikelets | homomorphic, 1.7-3.4 mm long, 0.7-1.1 mm wide. |
2.6-3.7 mm, spikelet pairs dimorphic in their pubescence and venation pattern of the lower lemmas. |
Lower glumes | 0.2-0.4 mm long, veinless; upper glumes 0.9-2 mm, 1/3 – 1/2 as long as the spikelets, 3-veined, pubescent on the margins; lower lemmas usually exceeded or equaled by the upper florets, sometimes exceeding them but by no more than 0.2 mm, glabrous, 7-veined, lateral (or all) veins scabrous throughout or smooth on the lower (1/3)1/2 and scabrous distally, 3 middle veins usually widely spaced, remaining veins on each side close together and near the margins; upper lemmas 1.7-3 mm, yellow or gray, frequently purple-tinged when immature, often becoming brown at maturity; anthers 0.5-0.9 mm. |
absent or to 0.9 mm, deltoid or bifid; upper glumes 1.7-2.8 mm, 1/2 - 3/4 as long as the spikelets, 3-veined; lower lemmas 7-veined, veins smooth; lower lemmas of shortly pedicellate spikelets with 3 equally spaced, glabrous or shortly pubescent central veins, lemma margins and the region between the 2 lateral veins with appressed or spreading, 0.5-1 mm hairs; lower lemmas of long-pedicellate spikelets with unequally spaced veins, midvein well-separated from the 3 lateral veins, lateral veins crowded together near the margins, lemma margins and the region between the 2 inner lateral veins hairy with appressed or strongly divergent, 1-2 mm hairs, sometimes also with longer, glassy yellow hairs; upper lemmas of all spikelets usually yellow or gray, sometimes light brown, at maturity; anthers 0.5-0.6 mm. |
2n | = 36, 28, 34, 54. |
= 54, 72. |
Digitaria sanguinalis |
Digitaria bicornis |
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Distribution |
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; PR; AB; BC; MB; NS; ON; PE; QC; SK
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AL; FL; GA; IA; LA; MS; NC; SC; TX; VA; PR |
Discussion | Digitaria sanguinalis is a weedy Eurasian species that is now found in waste ground of fields, gardens, and lawns throughout much of the world, including the Flora region. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Digitaria bicornis is a common species on the sandy coastal plain of the southeastern United States. Its range extends through Mexico to Costa Rica and northern South America, as well as to the West Indies. The Californian record reflects a 1926 collection; the species is not known to be established in the state. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 25, p. 380. | FNA vol. 25, p. 380. |
Parent taxa | Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Digitaria | Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Digitaria |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Syntherisma sanguinalis | |
Name authority | (L.) Scop. | (Lam.) Roem. & Schult. |
Web links |
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