Digitaria insularis |
Digitaria eriantha |
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sourgrass |
digitgrass |
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Habit | Plants perennial; cespitose, shortly rhizomatous, with knotty bases. | Plants perennial; sometimes stoloniferous, stolons to 6 m, or cespitose, with or without rhizomes, rhizomes, if present, short, giving the plants knotty bases. | ||||
Culms | 80-130 cm, erect, with densely villous cataphylls, branching from the lower and middle nodes. |
35-140 cm, erect or decumbent, not rooting at the basal nodes. |
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Sheaths | usually sparsely to densely papillose-hirsute, occasionally glabrous; ligules 4-6 mm, usually lacerate, not ciliate; blades 20-50 cm long, 10-17 mm wide, lax, smooth or scabridulous abaxially, scabridulous to scabrous adaxially. |
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Panicles | 20-35 cm long, 2-10 cm wide, with numerous spikelike primary branches; primary branches 10-15 cm, appressed to ascending at maturity, axes not wing-margined or with wings less than 1/2 as wide as the midribs; internodes 3-4.5(6) mm (midbranch), bearing spikelets in unequally pedicellate pairs; secondary branches rarely present; pedicels not adnate to the branches; shorter pedicels 0.7-2 mm; longer pedicels 2.5-5 mm; terminal pedicels 2-5 mm. |
with 3-15 spikelike primary branches, digitate or with rachises to 3 cm; primary branches 5-25 cm, wing-margined, wings wider than the midribs, bearing spikelets in unequally pedicellate pairs; shorter pedicels 0.5-1.5 mm; longer pedicels 1.5-3 mm. |
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Spikelets | 5.5-8.2 mm (including pubescence), 4.2-5.9 mm (excluding pubescence), narrowly ovate, acuminate. |
homomorphic, 2.8-3.5 mm, narrowly lanceolate to narrowly elliptic. |
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Lower | glumes 0.6-0.8 mm; upper glumes 3.5-4.5 mm, 3-5-veined, pubescent on the margins; lower lemmas 4.1-5.7 mm (exceeded 1.5-5 mm by pubescence), narrowly ovate, 7-veined, pubescent between most, sometimes all, of the veins and on the margins, veins usually obscured by a dense covering of golden-brown hairs, hairs 3-6 mm, spreading at maturity, intercostal regions on either side of the midvein glabrous or pubescent with shorter, fine, white hairs, sometimes intermixed with the golden-brown hairs; upper lemmas 3.2-4.5 mm, narrowly ovate, brown when immature, dark brown at maturity, acuminate; anthers 1-1.2 mm. |
glumes 0.3-0.5 mm, veinless, acute; upper glumes 1.7-1.9 mm, wooly pubescent; lower lemmas 2.5-3.5 mm, 7-veined, veins unequally spaced and smooth, occasionally the lateral veins scabridulous over the distal 1/4, margins and region between the 2 inner lateral veins appressed-pubescent, with 0.5-1.5 mm hairs; upper lemmas gray when immature, becoming brownish at maturity; anthers 1.2-1.6 mm, purple. |
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Basal | sheaths glabrous or pubescent, often densely so, hairs 4-6 mm, papillose-based; ligules (1.8)3-5 mm, erose and ciliate; blades 5-40 cm long, 3-6 mm wide, scabridulous, often also papillose-hairy. |
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2n | = 36. |
= 36. |
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Digitaria insularis |
Digitaria eriantha |
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Distribution |
AL; AZ; FL; IL; MS; TX; HI; PR; Virgin Islands
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AZ; CA; FL; NM; HI; PR |
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Discussion | Digitaria insularis grows in low, open ground of the southern United States, and extends to the West Indies, Mexico, and through Central America to Argentina. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Digitaria eriantha is an African species that is widely cultivated in warm climates as a pasture grass. Several cultivars have been released for forage and hay use. The appearance of the spikelets varies considerably with the length of the hairs, those of subsp. eriantha usually being longer than those of subsp. pentzii. The cultivar, 'Survenola' has been developed from Digitaria xumfolozi D.W. Hall, a hybrid between D. setivalva Stent [= D. eriantha subsp. eriantha] and D. decumbens Stent [= D. eriantha subsp. pentzii] and has been released for use in the tropics and on well-fertilized upland soils in Florida. It is described as having much wider leaf blades than any other cultivars that have been released so far (usually 10-13 mm wide, rather than usually less than 8 mm) and glabrous leaf sheaths. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 25, p. 370. | FNA vol. 25, p. 376. | ||||
Parent taxa | Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Digitaria | Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Digitaria | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Trichachne insularis | |||||
Name authority | (L.) Mez ex Ekman | Steud. | ||||
Web links |