Digitaria insularis |
Digitaria arenicola |
|
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sourgrass |
sand crabgrass, sand witchgrass |
|
Habit | Plants perennial; cespitose, shortly rhizomatous, with knotty bases. | Plants perennial; loosely tufted, with long, creeping rhizomes. |
Culms | 80-130 cm, erect, with densely villous cataphylls, branching from the lower and middle nodes. |
20-60 cm, erect; lower nodes glabrous or pubescent; upper nodes glabrous. |
Sheaths | usually sparsely to densely papillose-hirsute, occasionally glabrous; ligules 4-6 mm, usually lacerate, not ciliate; blades 20-50 cm long, 10-17 mm wide, lax, smooth or scabridulous abaxially, scabridulous to scabrous adaxially. |
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Leaves | mainly cauline; sheaths usually glabrous, lower sheaths sometimes pubescent; ligules 0.4-1 mm, truncate, entire to lacerate; blades 5-11.5 cm long, 3-4.5 mm wide, glabrous, usually flat or folded. |
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Panicles | 20-35 cm long, 2-10 cm wide, with numerous spikelike primary branches; primary branches 10-15 cm, appressed to ascending at maturity, axes not wing-margined or with wings less than 1/2 as wide as the midribs; internodes 3-4.5(6) mm (midbranch), bearing spikelets in unequally pedicellate pairs; secondary branches rarely present; pedicels not adnate to the branches; shorter pedicels 0.7-2 mm; longer pedicels 2.5-5 mm; terminal pedicels 2-5 mm. |
simple, 12-24 cm long, 19-40 cm wide, open; nodes hispid; branches divergent; lower primary branches 10-21 cm, with 1-several sterile branches near the base; pedicels divergent, spikelets solitary. |
Spikelets | 5.5-8.2 mm (including pubescence), 4.2-5.9 mm (excluding pubescence), narrowly ovate, acuminate. |
3.5-4.6 mm long, 0.8-1 mm wide, elliptical. |
Lower glumes | 0.6-0.8 mm; upper glumes 3.5-4.5 mm, 3-5-veined, pubescent on the margins; lower lemmas 4.1-5.7 mm (exceeded 1.5-5 mm by pubescence), narrowly ovate, 7-veined, pubescent between most, sometimes all, of the veins and on the margins, veins usually obscured by a dense covering of golden-brown hairs, hairs 3-6 mm, spreading at maturity, intercostal regions on either side of the midvein glabrous or pubescent with shorter, fine, white hairs, sometimes intermixed with the golden-brown hairs; upper lemmas 3.2-4.5 mm, narrowly ovate, brown when immature, dark brown at maturity, acuminate; anthers 1-1.2 mm. |
0.2-0.5 mm; upper glumes 3-3.8 mm, 5-7-veined, densely villous between the veins, hairs white, becoming purple at maturity; lower lemmas similar to the upper glumes in size, texture, and pubescence; upper lemmas 3-3.7 mm, narrowly acute, dark brown; anthers 1.1-1.4 mm. |
Caryopses | 1.5-2 mm. |
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2n | = 36. |
= 36, 37. |
Digitaria insularis |
Digitaria arenicola |
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Distribution |
AL; AZ; FL; IL; MS; TX; HI; PR; Virgin Islands
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TX |
Discussion | Digitaria insularis grows in low, open ground of the southern United States, and extends to the West Indies, Mexico, and through Central America to Argentina. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Digitaria arenicola is endemic to deep sands along the coast of Texas, a very restricted habitat and one that is being lost to the development of coastal parks and housing. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 25, p. 370. | FNA vol. 25, p. 362. |
Parent taxa | Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Digitaria | Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Digitaria |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Trichachne insularis | Leptoloma arenicola |
Name authority | (L.) Mez ex Ekman | (Swallen) Beetle |
Web links |