Flora of North America species comparison

leaves spreading-incurved and twisted to incurved-appressed when dry, spreading to spreading-recurved and not keeled when moist, monomorphic, short-lanceolate or sometimes short-ovate to long-elliptic, broadly concave adaxially across leaf, usually 1–2.5 mm, base scarcely differentiated in shape to ovate, margins usually recurved at mid leaf, entire, apex broadly acute or occasionally narrowly so, not fragile;

costa percurrent or ending a few cells below the apex, broader at mid leaf, occasionally weakly spurred, with a low adaxial pad of cells, adaxial costal cells quadrate, 4–6 cells wide at mid leaf, guide cells in 1–2 layers;

basal laminal cells differentiated medially or across leaf, quadrate to short-rectangular, walls very thin and not perforated;

distal laminal cells 7–12 wide, 1:1 or occasionally transversely elongate below, papillae usually distinct, low or simple to 2-fid, occasionally absent, lumens oval to rounded-quadrate, walls thin to evenly thickened, convex on both sides of lamina, 2-stratose in one or more rows along margins.

leaves appressed weakly twisted clockwise or occasionally counterclockwise when dry, spreading and weakly reflexed above the base when moist;

monomorphic, long-ovate to ellipticlanceolate, adaxial surface broadly channeled at midleaf, concave to occasionally somewhat naviculate apically, usually 1–1.2 mm, base weakly differentiated, ovate;

margins plane above, recurved below, entire;

apex obtuse or acute, occasionally ending in a short, clear, sharp cell;

costa percurrent, broad, lacking an adaxial pad of cells, adaxial cells quadrate-hexagonal, papillose, in 6–8 rows at mid leaf, guide cells in 1 layer;

basal cells weakly differentiated in small area juxtacostally, very shortrectangular, walls evenly thickened and not perforated; roundedquadrate, 7–10 mm in width, 1:1, papillae low, fused to a thickened and irregularly shaped lens covering lumen, cell walls evenly thickened, weakly bulging on both sides of lamina, 2(–3)-stratose.

0.7–1 cm.

0.9–1.3 cm.

1–1.9 mm;

peristome teeth 32, linear, weakly twisted, to 600 µm, occasionally rudimentary.

1.2–1.7 mm;

peristome teeth 32, linear, twisted about once counterclockwise, to 700 µm.

11–15 µm.

8–10 µm.

asexual reproduction by multicellular tubers on proximal rhizoids.

asexual reproduction not seen.

laminal KOH reaction variously negative or yellow- or orange- or red-brown.

laminal KOH reaction red.