Flora of North America species comparison

2–11 cm, densely tomentose below with reddish brown rhizoids, interruptedly foliate, the leaves crowded in some parts forming swollen, globose regions.

1.5–3.5 cm, sparsely tomentose with light- to reddish brown rhizoids.

erect-spreading, arched and loosely imbricate with contorted apices when dry, ± undulate to rugose, (2.5–)5–6.5(–9) × 1–1.7 mm, concave below, tubulose above, acute, ovate at base, widest point at or somewhat below middle;

margins serrulate to serrate in distal half, plane to involute;

laminae 1-stratose or with 2-stratose regions near costa and on margins;

costa percurrent to shortly excurrent, 1/8–1/4 the width of the leaves at base, serrulate or toothed above on abaxial surface, abaxial ridges absent, with a row of guide cells, two stereid bands extending to apex, adaxial epidermal layer of cells not differentiated, the abaxial layer differentiated;

cell walls between lamina cells weakly to strongly bulging;

leaf cells strongly papillose above on abaxial surface, sometimes a few papillae on adaxial surface;

alar cells 2-stratose, distinctly differentiated, not extending to costa;

proximal laminal cells elongate, pitted, (30–)49–68(–101) × (5–)10–11(–15) µm, abruptly shorter in distal half of leaf;

distal laminal cells short, not or indistinctly pitted, cell walls irregularly thickened, (7–)11–12(–23) × (5–)7–13(–20) µm. Sexual condition pseudomonoicous;

dwarf males on rhizoids of female plants;

interior perichaetial leaves abruptly short-acuminate, convolute-sheathing.

erect-spreading, some weakly falcate-secund, crisped when dry, smooth, (3–)4–5(–7) × 0.5–0.8 mm, some leaf tips broken off, concave below, subtubulose above, narrowly lanceolate to a long, narrow subula occupied mainly by the excurrent costa, apex acute;

margins serrate to serrulate in distal half;

laminae 1- or 2-stratose above, sometimes 2-stratose in patches;

costa excurrent, 1/4–1/3 the width of the leaves at base, abaxially toothed or papillose in distal half, abaxial ridges absent, with a row of guide cells, two stereid bands not extending above the leaf middle, adaxial and abaxial epidermal layers of cells somewhat differentiated or with a few cells enlarged in both layers, cell walls between lamina cells strongly bulging in distal part of leaf lamina;

leaf cells smooth or abaxially prorate above;

alar cells mostly 1-stratose or sometimes with a few 2-stratose cells, distinctly differentiated, often extending to costa;

proximal laminal cells elongate-rectangular, not pitted or with few pits, (19–)24–33(–42) × (4)5–6(9) µm;

distal laminal cells regularly quadrate to short-rectangular, not pitted, (5–)10–11(–16) × (4)5–6(9) µm. Sexual condition dioicous;

male plants as tall as female plants but usually more slender;

interior perichaetial leaves abruptly long-acuminate, convolute-sheathing.

1–3 cm, solitary, reddish yellow or brown.

1–2 cm., solitary, brown or reddish brown.

1.5–2.5 mm, arcuate, inclined to horizontal, contracted below mouth and furrowed when dry, yellowish brown to brown;

operculum 1.5–2.5 mm.

1.5–3 mm, straight and erect, smooth, slightly furrowed when dry, reddish brown;

operculum 1.5–2 mm.

16–24 µm.

14–28 µm.