Flora of North America species comparison

4–15 cm, densely tomentose with whitish or reddish rhizoids.

2–11 cm, densely tomentose below with reddish brown rhizoids, interruptedly foliate, the leaves crowded in some parts forming swollen, globose regions.

erect to spreading, ± flexuose, little changed when dry, strongly undulate, (5.5–)7–9.5(–10.5) × 1–2 mm, lanceolate, concave proximally, keeled above, acute;

margins strongly toothed in the distal half;

laminae 1-stratose;

costa ending before apex, occupying ca. 1/16–1/8 of leaf base, strong, with two toothed ridges distally on abaxial surface, with one row of guide cells, two stereid bands, adaxial epidermal layer of cells not differentiated, abaxial layer with a few cells enlarged;

cell walls between lamina cells not bulging;

leaf cells smooth;

alar cells 2-stratose, well-differentiated, not extending to costa;

proximal laminal cells elongate, pitted, (45–)78–129(–156) × (5–)9–10(–14) µm;

distal laminal cells shorter, sinuose, pitted, (42–)64–68(–115) × (4–)9–10(–13)µm. Sexual condition pseudomonoicous;

dwarf male plants on stem rhizoids of female plants;

interior perichaetial leaves abruptly long-acuminate, convolute-sheathing.

erect-spreading, arched and loosely imbricate with contorted apices when dry, ± undulate to rugose, (2.5–)5–6.5(–9) × 1–1.7 mm, concave below, tubulose above, acute, ovate at base, widest point at or somewhat below middle;

margins serrulate to serrate in distal half, plane to involute;

laminae 1-stratose or with 2-stratose regions near costa and on margins;

costa percurrent to shortly excurrent, 1/8–1/4 the width of the leaves at base, serrulate or toothed above on abaxial surface, abaxial ridges absent, with a row of guide cells, two stereid bands extending to apex, adaxial epidermal layer of cells not differentiated, the abaxial layer differentiated;

cell walls between lamina cells weakly to strongly bulging;

leaf cells strongly papillose above on abaxial surface, sometimes a few papillae on adaxial surface;

alar cells 2-stratose, distinctly differentiated, not extending to costa;

proximal laminal cells elongate, pitted, (30–)49–68(–101) × (5–)10–11(–15) µm, abruptly shorter in distal half of leaf;

distal laminal cells short, not or indistinctly pitted, cell walls irregularly thickened, (7–)11–12(–23) × (5–)7–13(–20) µm. Sexual condition pseudomonoicous;

dwarf males on rhizoids of female plants;

interior perichaetial leaves abruptly short-acuminate, convolute-sheathing.

1.5–4 cm, usually aggregate, 3–6 per perichaetium, brown or reddish brown.

1–3 cm, solitary, reddish yellow or brown.

2–3.5 mm, arcuate, inclined to horizontal, furrowed when dry, yellowish brown or reddish brown;

operculum 2–4 mm.

1.5–2.5 mm, arcuate, inclined to horizontal, contracted below mouth and furrowed when dry, yellowish brown to brown;

operculum 1.5–2.5 mm.

12–24 µm.

16–24 µm.