Flora of North America species comparison

4–15 cm, densely tomentose with whitish or reddish rhizoids.

1–6 cm, tomentose with white or reddish brown rhizoids.

erect to spreading, ± flexuose, little changed when dry, strongly undulate, (5.5–)7–9.5(–10.5) × 1–2 mm, lanceolate, concave proximally, keeled above, acute;

margins strongly toothed in the distal half;

laminae 1-stratose;

costa ending before apex, occupying ca. 1/16–1/8 of leaf base, strong, with two toothed ridges distally on abaxial surface, with one row of guide cells, two stereid bands, adaxial epidermal layer of cells not differentiated, abaxial layer with a few cells enlarged;

cell walls between lamina cells not bulging;

leaf cells smooth;

alar cells 2-stratose, well-differentiated, not extending to costa;

proximal laminal cells elongate, pitted, (45–)78–129(–156) × (5–)9–10(–14) µm;

distal laminal cells shorter, sinuose, pitted, (42–)64–68(–115) × (4–)9–10(–13)µm. Sexual condition pseudomonoicous;

dwarf male plants on stem rhizoids of female plants;

interior perichaetial leaves abruptly long-acuminate, convolute-sheathing.

often secund, straight or nearly so, often crisped when dry, smooth, 4–8 × 0.5–1 mm, lanceolate, acute, tubulose to apex;

margins entire below, serrulate ot serrate near apex;

laminae 1-stratose or sometimes 2-stratose on distal margins;

costa excurrent, 1/5–1/3 the width of the leaves at base, abaxially papillose or toothed from leaf middle to apex, abaxial ridges absent, with a row of guide cells, stereid bands often present and well-developed in proximal part of leaf, absent in distal 1/4–1/3 of leaf, cells above and below guide cells large and thin-walled;

cell walls between lamina cells not or slightly bulging;

leaf cells smooth or often strongly papillose in distal half of leaf;

alar cells 2-stratose, differentiated, often extending to costa, abaxial ridges absent;

proximal laminal cells linear to rectangular, with or without pits, (26–)58–95(–130) × (10–)12–14(–16) µm;

distal laminal cells quadrate, rounded, irregularly angled or short-rectangular, not pitted, (10–)15–26(–38) × (8–)9–11(–12) µm. Sexual condition dioicous;

male plants as large as female plants;

interior perichaetial leaves abruptly short-acuminate, convolute-sheathing.

1.5–4 cm, usually aggregate, 3–6 per perichaetium, brown or reddish brown.

1–2.5 cm, solitary or sometimes 2, rarely 3, per perichaetium, yellow, rarely reddish yellow or brown with age.

2–3.5 mm, arcuate, inclined to horizontal, furrowed when dry, yellowish brown or reddish brown;

operculum 2–4 mm.

1.5–3.5 mm, arcuate, inclined, often with a small struma, strongly furrowed when dry, contracted below mouth, yellow or yellowish brown, rarely reddish yellow or brown with age;

operculum 1.5–2.5 mm.

12–24 µm.

14–20 µm.