Flora of North America species comparison

4–15 cm, densely tomentose with whitish or reddish rhizoids.

0.5–3(–5) cm, densely tomentose with white to reddish brown rhizoids.

erect to spreading, ± flexuose, little changed when dry, strongly undulate, (5.5–)7–9.5(–10.5) × 1–2 mm, lanceolate, concave proximally, keeled above, acute;

margins strongly toothed in the distal half;

laminae 1-stratose;

costa ending before apex, occupying ca. 1/16–1/8 of leaf base, strong, with two toothed ridges distally on abaxial surface, with one row of guide cells, two stereid bands, adaxial epidermal layer of cells not differentiated, abaxial layer with a few cells enlarged;

cell walls between lamina cells not bulging;

leaf cells smooth;

alar cells 2-stratose, well-differentiated, not extending to costa;

proximal laminal cells elongate, pitted, (45–)78–129(–156) × (5–)9–10(–14) µm;

distal laminal cells shorter, sinuose, pitted, (42–)64–68(–115) × (4–)9–10(–13)µm. Sexual condition pseudomonoicous;

dwarf male plants on stem rhizoids of female plants;

interior perichaetial leaves abruptly long-acuminate, convolute-sheathing.

erect-spreading, cirrate to strongly crisped when dry, smooth, (1–)2–3(–4) × 0.2–0.5 mm, concave below, subtubulose to keeled above, lanceolate at base, acuminate above to an acute apex, rough above on abaxial surface;

margins irregularly serrate to serrulate in distal half of leaves;

laminae 1-stratose;

costa percurrent to shortly excurrent, 1/6–1/4 the width of the leaves at base, rough with papillae or teeth on abaxial surface in distal half of leaf, abaxial ridges absent, with a row of guide cells, two weakly developed stereid bands above and below, not extending to the leaf middle, adaxial and abaxial epidermal layers of cells not differentiated or with a few cells enlarged in both layers;

cell walls between lamina cells not bulging;

leaf cells smooth below, mammillose or usually abaxially prorate or toothed in distal half of leaves, giving leaves a dull appearance;

alar cells 1-stratose, differentiated or sometimes indistinctly differentiated, not extending to costa;

proximal laminal cells rectangular to oblong-rectangular, not pitted or with few pits, (10–)20–32(–50) × (4–)6–8(–13) µm;

distal laminal cells usually quadrate to short-rectangular, some cells transversely elongate, not pitted, (5–)8–10(–26) × (2–)3–6(–9) µm. Sexual condition dioicous;

male plants as large as females;

interior perichaetial leaves abruptly acuminate, convolute-sheathing.

1.5–4 cm, usually aggregate, 3–6 per perichaetium, brown or reddish brown.

0.5–1.5 cm, solitary, rarely 2 per perichaetium, yellowish to reddish brown.

2–3.5 mm, arcuate, inclined to horizontal, furrowed when dry, yellowish brown or reddish brown;

operculum 2–4 mm.

1.2–2 mm, straight and erect to slightly inclined, rarely somewhat arcuate, smooth, striate when dry, light yellowish brown;

operculum 1–1.5 mm.

12–24 µm.

12–24 µm.