Flora of North America species comparison

3–16 cm, naked or with a few whitish rhizoids, rarely moderately tomentose, rhizoids (micronemata) in rows above each leaf.

2–11 cm, densely tomentose below with reddish brown rhizoids, interruptedly foliate, the leaves crowded in some parts forming swollen, globose regions.

somewhat sparse, falcate-secund or erect-patent, flexuose or straight, little changed when dry, usually smooth, (6–)8–11.5(–15) × 1–2 mm, concave proximally, tubulose above, from a lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate base, gradually narrowed to a long, falcate-secund or straight, acute apex;

margins serrate in the distal half, sometimes slightly serrulate above to almost entire;

laminae 1-stratose or with few 2-stratose regions on or near the margins;

costa percurrent to shortly excurrent, 1/12–1/7 the width of the leaves at base, toothed distally or serrulate to nearly smooth on abaxial surface, with a double row of guide cells that is sometimes interrupted, two stereid bands extending to apex, adaxial epidermal layer of cells with some cells differentiated, the abaxial layer completely differentiated;

cell walls between lamina cells not bulging;

leaf cells smooth or abaxially prorate or toothed above;

alar cells 2-stratose or multistratose, well-differentiated, not extending to costa;

proximal laminal cells elongate, pitted, (42–)71–112(–140) × (5–)9–10(–15) µm;

distal laminal cells shorter, linear to oval, pitted, (42–)47–61(–99) × (7–)10–11(–17) µm. Sexual condition pseudomonoicous;

dwarf males among rhizoids of female plants;

interior perichaetial leaves abruptly long-acuminate, convolute-sheathing.

erect-spreading, arched and loosely imbricate with contorted apices when dry, ± undulate to rugose, (2.5–)5–6.5(–9) × 1–1.7 mm, concave below, tubulose above, acute, ovate at base, widest point at or somewhat below middle;

margins serrulate to serrate in distal half, plane to involute;

laminae 1-stratose or with 2-stratose regions near costa and on margins;

costa percurrent to shortly excurrent, 1/8–1/4 the width of the leaves at base, serrulate or toothed above on abaxial surface, abaxial ridges absent, with a row of guide cells, two stereid bands extending to apex, adaxial epidermal layer of cells not differentiated, the abaxial layer differentiated;

cell walls between lamina cells weakly to strongly bulging;

leaf cells strongly papillose above on abaxial surface, sometimes a few papillae on adaxial surface;

alar cells 2-stratose, distinctly differentiated, not extending to costa;

proximal laminal cells elongate, pitted, (30–)49–68(–101) × (5–)10–11(–15) µm, abruptly shorter in distal half of leaf;

distal laminal cells short, not or indistinctly pitted, cell walls irregularly thickened, (7–)11–12(–23) × (5–)7–13(–20) µm. Sexual condition pseudomonoicous;

dwarf males on rhizoids of female plants;

interior perichaetial leaves abruptly short-acuminate, convolute-sheathing.

2.5–5 cm, aggregate, 2–5 per perichaetium, rarely solitary, yellow to light brown.

1–3 cm, solitary, reddish yellow or brown.

2–3.5 mm, arcuate, inclined to horizontal, smooth to faintly striate when dry, dark brown or yellowish brown;

operculum 2–3 mm.

1.5–2.5 mm, arcuate, inclined to horizontal, contracted below mouth and furrowed when dry, yellowish brown to brown;

operculum 1.5–2.5 mm.

14–19 µm.

16–24 µm.