Flora of North America species comparison

1–9 cm, densely tomentose below with reddish brown rhizoids.

3–8(–17) cm, densely tomentose with reddish brown rhizoids.

erect-spreading, flexuose, ± curled at the tips when dry, slightly undulate or rugose, (2–)3.5–4.5(–7) × 0.5–1 mm, concave below, strongly keeled above, oblong-lanceolate, with a broad lanceolate base gradually narrowing to a short-acuminate apex;

margins serrulate in the distal half, involute in central part;

laminae 1-stratose, with a few 2-stratose regions;

costa percurrent to shortly excurrent, 1/10–1/5 the width of the leaves at base, strong, smooth or papillose to toothed above on abaxial surface, abaxial ridges absent, with a row of guide cells, two thick stereid bands extending well into the apex, adaxial epidermal layer of cells not differentiated, the abaxial layer differentiated;

cell walls between lamina cells strongly bulging;

leaf cells papillose above on abaxial surface, sometimes nearly smooth;

alar cells 2-stratose, differentiated, not extending to costa;

proximal laminal cells elongate, pitted, (25–)41–56(–112) × (5–)6–7(–10) µm, abruptly shorter towards the apex;

distal laminal cells quadrate, irregularly angled, rounded or rectangular, not or indistinctly pitted, cell walls unequally thickened, (5–)7–8(–20) × (5–)7–8(–12) µm. Sexual condition pseudomonoicous;

dwarf males on stem rhizoids of female plants;

interior perichaetial leaves abruptly short-acuminate, convolute-sheathing.

erect-appressed or sometimes slightly falcate or flexuose, somewhat contorted when dry, the apex often twisted, weakly to strongly undulate, (4.5–)5–7.5(–11) × 0.7–1.2 mm, concave proximally, keeled above, lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, broadly acute, rarely narrowly acute;

margins plane, sometimes involute at base, broadly recurved at apex, entire proximally, serrulate to serrate in the distal half;

laminae 1-stratose, sometimes with a few 2-stratose regions;

costa strong, ending before the apex, sometimes nearly percurrent, 1/6–1/3 the width of the leaves at base, smooth to serrulate above on abaxial surface, with a row of guide cells, two stereid bands extending to apex, adaxial epidermal layer of cells not differentiated, the abaxial layer diffferentiated;

cell walls between lamina cells weakly to strongly bulging abaxially and adaxially;

leaf cells smooth to ± papillose near apex on abaxial surface;

alar cells 2-stratose, differentiated, not extending to costa;

proximal laminal cells elongate, incrassate, pitted, (22–)38–61(–79) × (2–)4–6(–8) µm;

median laminal cells rectangular, pitted;

distal laminal cells short-rectangular to irregularly angled, not pitted, (7–)11–14(–28) × (4–)11–12(–17) µm. Sexual condition pseudomonoicous;

dwarf males on stem rhizoids of female plants;

interior perichaetial leaves abruptly acuminate, convolute-sheathing.

1–4 cm, solitary, rarely 2 per perichaetium, yellowish.

2–4 cm, solitary, yellow to brown.

1.5–3 mm, arcuate, inclined to horizontal, furrowed when dry, slightly contracted below the mouth, yellowish brown;

operculum 1.5–2.5 mm.

2–2.8 mm, arcuate, inclined, furrowed when dry, ± contracted below mouth, yellow to yellowish brown or reddish brown;

operculum 2–3 mm.

19–26 µm.

14–28 µm.