Flora of North America species comparison

1–9 cm, densely tomentose below with reddish brown rhizoids.

2–11 cm, densely tomentose below with reddish brown rhizoids, interruptedly foliate, the leaves crowded in some parts forming swollen, globose regions.

erect-spreading, flexuose, ± curled at the tips when dry, slightly undulate or rugose, (2–)3.5–4.5(–7) × 0.5–1 mm, concave below, strongly keeled above, oblong-lanceolate, with a broad lanceolate base gradually narrowing to a short-acuminate apex;

margins serrulate in the distal half, involute in central part;

laminae 1-stratose, with a few 2-stratose regions;

costa percurrent to shortly excurrent, 1/10–1/5 the width of the leaves at base, strong, smooth or papillose to toothed above on abaxial surface, abaxial ridges absent, with a row of guide cells, two thick stereid bands extending well into the apex, adaxial epidermal layer of cells not differentiated, the abaxial layer differentiated;

cell walls between lamina cells strongly bulging;

leaf cells papillose above on abaxial surface, sometimes nearly smooth;

alar cells 2-stratose, differentiated, not extending to costa;

proximal laminal cells elongate, pitted, (25–)41–56(–112) × (5–)6–7(–10) µm, abruptly shorter towards the apex;

distal laminal cells quadrate, irregularly angled, rounded or rectangular, not or indistinctly pitted, cell walls unequally thickened, (5–)7–8(–20) × (5–)7–8(–12) µm. Sexual condition pseudomonoicous;

dwarf males on stem rhizoids of female plants;

interior perichaetial leaves abruptly short-acuminate, convolute-sheathing.

erect-spreading, arched and loosely imbricate with contorted apices when dry, ± undulate to rugose, (2.5–)5–6.5(–9) × 1–1.7 mm, concave below, tubulose above, acute, ovate at base, widest point at or somewhat below middle;

margins serrulate to serrate in distal half, plane to involute;

laminae 1-stratose or with 2-stratose regions near costa and on margins;

costa percurrent to shortly excurrent, 1/8–1/4 the width of the leaves at base, serrulate or toothed above on abaxial surface, abaxial ridges absent, with a row of guide cells, two stereid bands extending to apex, adaxial epidermal layer of cells not differentiated, the abaxial layer differentiated;

cell walls between lamina cells weakly to strongly bulging;

leaf cells strongly papillose above on abaxial surface, sometimes a few papillae on adaxial surface;

alar cells 2-stratose, distinctly differentiated, not extending to costa;

proximal laminal cells elongate, pitted, (30–)49–68(–101) × (5–)10–11(–15) µm, abruptly shorter in distal half of leaf;

distal laminal cells short, not or indistinctly pitted, cell walls irregularly thickened, (7–)11–12(–23) × (5–)7–13(–20) µm. Sexual condition pseudomonoicous;

dwarf males on rhizoids of female plants;

interior perichaetial leaves abruptly short-acuminate, convolute-sheathing.

1–4 cm, solitary, rarely 2 per perichaetium, yellowish.

1–3 cm, solitary, reddish yellow or brown.

1.5–3 mm, arcuate, inclined to horizontal, furrowed when dry, slightly contracted below the mouth, yellowish brown;

operculum 1.5–2.5 mm.

1.5–2.5 mm, arcuate, inclined to horizontal, contracted below mouth and furrowed when dry, yellowish brown to brown;

operculum 1.5–2.5 mm.

19–26 µm.

16–24 µm.