Flora of North America species comparison

1–9 cm, densely tomentose below with reddish brown rhizoids.

5–8 cm, scarcely tomentose with whitish to reddish brown rhizoids.

erect-spreading, flexuose, ± curled at the tips when dry, slightly undulate or rugose, (2–)3.5–4.5(–7) × 0.5–1 mm, concave below, strongly keeled above, oblong-lanceolate, with a broad lanceolate base gradually narrowing to a short-acuminate apex;

margins serrulate in the distal half, involute in central part;

laminae 1-stratose, with a few 2-stratose regions;

costa percurrent to shortly excurrent, 1/10–1/5 the width of the leaves at base, strong, smooth or papillose to toothed above on abaxial surface, abaxial ridges absent, with a row of guide cells, two thick stereid bands extending well into the apex, adaxial epidermal layer of cells not differentiated, the abaxial layer differentiated;

cell walls between lamina cells strongly bulging;

leaf cells papillose above on abaxial surface, sometimes nearly smooth;

alar cells 2-stratose, differentiated, not extending to costa;

proximal laminal cells elongate, pitted, (25–)41–56(–112) × (5–)6–7(–10) µm, abruptly shorter towards the apex;

distal laminal cells quadrate, irregularly angled, rounded or rectangular, not or indistinctly pitted, cell walls unequally thickened, (5–)7–8(–20) × (5–)7–8(–12) µm. Sexual condition pseudomonoicous;

dwarf males on stem rhizoids of female plants;

interior perichaetial leaves abruptly short-acuminate, convolute-sheathing.

erect or spreading, distal leaves with twisted apices when dry, slightly rugose, (3.5–)5–7(–8) × 1–1.5 mm, concave proximally, tubulose distally, from an ovate-lanceolate base to a long or short subula, broadly acute, some leaves short, ovate, somewhat obtuse, forming julaceous regions, in the middle or basal part of the stems;

margins not or slightly serrate in the distal part, somewhat involute in the middle part;

laminae 1-stratose;

costa ending before the apex, 1/13–1/8 the width of the leaves at base, smooth or sometimes the distal part with two weakly serrated ridges on abaxial surface, row of guide cells, two stereid bands, adaxial and abaxial epidermal layers of cells not differentiated or sometimes a few cells in the abaxial layer differentiated;

cell walls between lamina cells not bulging;

leaf cells smooth;

alar cells 2-stratose, differentiated, not extending to costa;

proximal laminal cells elongate-sinuose, pitted, (42–)75–87(–107) × (7–)8–10(–16) µm;

distal laminal cells short, sinuose, pitted, (16–)30–65(–79) × (7–)9–13(–16) µm. Sexual condition pseudomonoicous;

dwarf males on rhizoids of female plants;

interior perichaetial leaves abruptly long-acuminate, convolute-sheathing.

1–4 cm, solitary, rarely 2 per perichaetium, yellowish.

2–4 cm, solitary, yellow, yellowish brown or reddish yellow.

1.5–3 mm, arcuate, inclined to horizontal, furrowed when dry, slightly contracted below the mouth, yellowish brown;

operculum 1.5–2.5 mm.

2–3.5 mm, arcuate, inclined, smooth, ± furrowed when dry, yellow to yellowish brown;

operculum 1.5–2 mm.

19–26 µm.

14–24 µm.