Flora of North America species comparison

1–9 cm, densely tomentose below with reddish brown rhizoids.

0.5–6 cm, densely tomentose with light brown to reddish brown rhizoids.

erect-spreading, flexuose, ± curled at the tips when dry, slightly undulate or rugose, (2–)3.5–4.5(–7) × 0.5–1 mm, concave below, strongly keeled above, oblong-lanceolate, with a broad lanceolate base gradually narrowing to a short-acuminate apex;

margins serrulate in the distal half, involute in central part;

laminae 1-stratose, with a few 2-stratose regions;

costa percurrent to shortly excurrent, 1/10–1/5 the width of the leaves at base, strong, smooth or papillose to toothed above on abaxial surface, abaxial ridges absent, with a row of guide cells, two thick stereid bands extending well into the apex, adaxial epidermal layer of cells not differentiated, the abaxial layer differentiated;

cell walls between lamina cells strongly bulging;

leaf cells papillose above on abaxial surface, sometimes nearly smooth;

alar cells 2-stratose, differentiated, not extending to costa;

proximal laminal cells elongate, pitted, (25–)41–56(–112) × (5–)6–7(–10) µm, abruptly shorter towards the apex;

distal laminal cells quadrate, irregularly angled, rounded or rectangular, not or indistinctly pitted, cell walls unequally thickened, (5–)7–8(–20) × (5–)7–8(–12) µm. Sexual condition pseudomonoicous;

dwarf males on stem rhizoids of female plants;

interior perichaetial leaves abruptly short-acuminate, convolute-sheathing.

falcate-secund to nearly straight, crisped to weakly crisped when dry, smooth, (1–)2–4(–5) × 0.3–0.6 mm, concave below, tubulose above, from a lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate base to an acuminate subula, apex acute;

margins smooth to serrulate above;

laminae 1-stratose;

costa percurrent or sometimes ending just before apex, 1/6–1/4 the width of the leaves at base, smooth to ± rough with papillae or small teeth on abaxial surface near apex of leaf, abaxial ridges absent, with a row of guide cells, two stereid bands above and below not extending above the leaf middle, adaxial epidermal layer of cells not differentiated, the abaxial layer with some cells differentiated;

cell walls between lamina cells not bulging;

leaf cells smooth or weakly abaxially prorate above;

alar cells 1-stratose, distinctly differentiated, not extending to costa;

proximal laminal cells elongate-rectangular, not pitted or with few pits, (12–)24–38(–70) × (4–)10–15(–18) µm;

distal laminal cells short-rectangular to quadrate, not pitted, (5–)12–14(–23) × (5–)7–12(–14) µm. Sexual condition dioicous;

male plants as large as females;

interior perichaetial leaves abruptly long-acuminate, convolute-sheathing.

1–4 cm, solitary, rarely 2 per perichaetium, yellowish.

1–2.5 cm, solitary, yellowish to brown.

1.5–3 mm, arcuate, inclined to horizontal, furrowed when dry, slightly contracted below the mouth, yellowish brown;

operculum 1.5–2.5 mm.

1.5–3 mm, straight and erect or nearly so, striate when dry, yellowish brown to brown;

operculum 0.5–l.6 mm.

19–26 µm.

12–19 µm.