Dichanthelium scoparium |
Dichanthelium leibergii |
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velvet panicum, velvety panicgrass, velvety rosette-panicgrass |
Leiberg's panicum, Leiberg's rosette grass, leibergs panicgrass |
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Habit | Plants in small clumps, with rhizomes 3-5 mm thick. | Plants cespitose, with knotty rhizomes no more than 2 mm thick. |
Culms | 50-150 cm, usually robust, erect; nodes often swollen, densely bearded with thin retrorse hairs above a constricted, glabrous, viscid ring; internodes grayish-purple, velvety-pubescent; fall phase branching from the mid- and upper culm nodes, with long, repeatedly forking and often recurving branches, ultimately with fascicles of reduced blades and included secondary panicles. |
24-80 cm, glabrous or puberulent; nodes sparsely, spreading-pilose; internodes mostly elongated, glabrous or puberulent; fall phase with a few suberect branches from the lower and midculm nodes, blades slightly reduced, secondary panicles partially exserted. |
Cauline leaves | 7-11; sheaths not overlapping, narrowing distally, lustrous, bases sparsely to densely retrorsely villous, hairs papillose-based, summits purplish, with yellowish spots; collars densely villous; ligules 0.5-2 mm, of hairs; blades 9-20 cm long, 9-20 mm wide, thick, densely soft pubescent, bases rounded to subcordate, margins ciliate basally. |
3-4; sheaths not overlapping, with ascending papillose-based hairs; ligules 0.3-0.5 mm, membranous, ciliate, cilia longer than the membranous portion; blades 5-15 cm long, 7-13 mm wide, ascending to erect, sparsely to densely pubescent with papillose-based hairs, with 9-11 prominent major veins and 25-50 minor veins, bases truncate to cordate, margins with papillose-based cilia. |
Panicles | 6-10 cm long, 3-5 cm wide, their length usually less than twice their width, eventually well-exserted, with 20-40 spikelets; branches spreading to ascending. |
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Spikelets | 2.2-2.8 mm long, 1.3-1.5 mm wide, ovoid-ellipsoid, often purplish basally, prominently veined, margins and apices sparsely to densely pubescent, hairs papillose-based. |
3.3-3.8 mm long, 1.6-2 mm wide, ellipsoid-obovoid, turgid, pubescent, hairs papillose-based, apices rounded. |
Lower glumes | 0.6-1.3 mm, subtruncate to acuminate; lower florets sterile; upper florets minutely apiculate. |
about 1.8 mm, narrowly triangular; lower florets staminate; upper florets mucronate. |
Basal | rosettes well-differentiated; blades sometimes more than 10 cm, lanceolate. |
rosettes well-differentiated; blades few, small, ovate to lanceolate. |
Primary | panicles 6-16 cm long, 5-12 cm wide, well-exserted, dense; rachises softly pubescent basally; branches often mottled with purplish viscid spots, glabrous. |
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2n | = 18. |
= 18. |
Dichanthelium scoparium |
Dichanthelium leibergii |
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Distribution |
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MI; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OK; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA; PR
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IA; IL; IN; KS; MI; MN; MO; ND; NE; NY; OH; PA; SD; WI; AB; MB; ON; SK
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Discussion | Dichanthelium scoparium grows in moist, sandy, open, often disturbed areas of the southeastern United States. It is also present in the West Indies. The primary panicles are open-pollinated, produced from May to early August; the secondary panicles are cleistogamous and are produced from July through October. Panicum glutinoscabrum Fernald may represent rare putative hybrids of Dichanthelium scoparium with D. acuminatum, and P. mundum Fernald, rare hybrids with D. dichotomum. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Dichanthelium leibergii grows primarily on prairie relics, but is occasionally found in sandy woodlands. It is restricted to the Flora region. The primary panicles are produced from mid-May through July, the secondary panicles from late June to September. Sterile putative hybrids with D. acuminatum and D. xantho-physum are occasionally found. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 25, p. 419. | FNA vol. 25, p. 416. |
Parent taxa | Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Dichanthelium > sect. Clandestina | Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Dichanthelium > sect. Macrocarpa |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Panicum scoparium | Panicum leibergii |
Name authority | (Lam.) Gould | (Vasey) Freckmann |
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