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blunt-glumed panicgrass

round-fruit panicgrass, round-fruit rosette-panicgrass, roundseed panicgrass, roundseed panicum

Habit Plants usually densely cespitose. Plants cespitose.
Culms

15-50 cm, slender, wiry;

internodes olive green to purplish, densely puberulent or glabrous;

fall phase spreading or decumbent, branching extensively from the lower and midculm nodes, producing numerous congested fascicles of reduced, flat or involute blades and reduced secondary panicles.

15-50 cm, few together, decumbent or ascending, light green, glabrous, slightly fleshy or thickened;

fall phase branching mostly near the bases, with sparse branching;

nodes appressed-pubescent or glabrous.

Cauline leaves

4-7;

sheaths much shorter than the internodes, densely crisp-puberulent, velvety-puberulent, or glabrous, often ciliate along the margins;

ligules shorter than 0.5 mm;

blades 2-7 cm long (seldom longer), 2.5-8 mm wide (rarely wider), spreading, firm, flat or slightly involute, without prominently raised veins, not longitudinally wrinkled, densely puberulent or glabrous abaxially, glabrous, sparsely puberulent, or pubescent adaxially, bases subcordate, with papillose-based cilia, margins often whitish and scabridulous.

3-4(6);

sheaths sometimes overlapping near the bases, glabrous, margins ciliate;

ligules almost obsolete, or of 0.2-0.8 mm hairs from a tiny membranous base;

blades 1.5-10 cm long, 5-14 mm wide, thick, light green, faintly veined, bases cordate, with papillose-based cilia, margins white, cartilaginous.

Spikelets

1.5-2.6 mm, obovoid-pyriform, planoconvex in side view, puberulent, pubescent, or glabrous, attenuate basally, apices usually broadly rounded.

1.4-1.8 mm, broadly obovoid-spherical, usually puberulent, sometimes glabrous.

Lower glumes

0.6-1.4 mm, thin, weakly-veined, attached about 0.2 mm below the upper glumes, clasping at the base;

upper glumes as long as or slightly shorter than the lower lemmas;

upper florets 1.4-2 mm, broadly ellipsoid, apices subacute, minutely puberulent.

0.4-0.8 mm, acute to obtuse, upper florets 1.1-1.5 mm, broadly ellipsoid, blunt.

Basal

rosettes well-differentiated;

blades 1.5-6 cm, ovate to lanceolate.

rosettes well-differentiated;

blades 2-6 cm long, about 1 cm wide, ovate, the uppermost leaves often resembling the lower cauline blades.

Primary

panicles 2-7 cm long, 2/3 to nearly as wide as long, with relatively few spikelets, exserted;

branches flexuous, spreading or reflexed, scabridulous to densely puberulent.

panicles 4-14 cm, more than 1/2 as wide as long, usually long-exserted.

2n

= 18.

= 18.

Dichanthelium portoricense

Dichanthelium sphaerocarpon

Distribution
from USDA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MO; MS; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA; VT; WV; ON
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Dichanthelium portoricense grows in sandy woods, low pinelands, savannahs, and coastal sand dunes, usually in moist places. Its range extends south from the Flora region into Mexico, the Caribbean, and Mesoamerica. It is a highly variable species with numerous intergrading forms, some possibly resulting from hybridization with other widespread species in the same region, such as D. sphaerocarpon and D. commutatum.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Dichanthelium sphaerocarpon grows in dry, open woods and roadsides. Its range extends from eastern North America to Ecuador and Venezuela. It occasionally hybridizes with other species, including D. polyanthes, D. acuminatum, and D. laxiflorum.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Spikelets 1.8-2.6 mm long, usually densely pubescent or puberulent (rarely glabrous); cauline blades 4-7 cm long, 3.5-8 mm wide
subsp. patulum
1. Spikelets 1.5-2.0 mm long, puberulent to nearly glabrous; cauline blades 2-5 cm long, 2.5-4.5 mm wide
subsp. portoricense
Source FNA vol. 25, p. 441. FNA vol. 25, p. 441.
Parent taxa Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Dichanthelium > sect. Lancearia Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Dichanthelium > sect. Sphaerocarpa
Sibling taxa
D. aciculare, D. acuminatum, D. boreale, D. boscii, D. chamaelonche, D. clandestinum, D. commutatum, D. consanguineum, D. depauperatum, D. dichotomum, D. ensifolium, D. erectifolium, D. latifolium, D. laxiflorum, D. leibergii, D. linearifolium, D. malacophyllum, D. nodatum, D. nudicaule, D. oligosanthes, D. ovale, D. pedicellatum, D. perlongum, D. polyanthes, D. ravenelii, D. scabriusculum, D. scoparium, D. sphaerocarpon, D. strigosum, D. tenue, D. wilcoxianum, D. wrightianum, D. ×anthophysum
D. aciculare, D. acuminatum, D. boreale, D. boscii, D. chamaelonche, D. clandestinum, D. commutatum, D. consanguineum, D. depauperatum, D. dichotomum, D. ensifolium, D. erectifolium, D. latifolium, D. laxiflorum, D. leibergii, D. linearifolium, D. malacophyllum, D. nodatum, D. nudicaule, D. oligosanthes, D. ovale, D. pedicellatum, D. perlongum, D. polyanthes, D. portoricense, D. ravenelii, D. scabriusculum, D. scoparium, D. strigosum, D. tenue, D. wilcoxianum, D. wrightianum, D. ×anthophysum
Subordinate taxa
D. portoricense subsp. patulum, D. portoricense subsp. portoricense
Synonyms Panicum portoricense Panicum sphaerocarpon var. inflatum, Panicum sphaerocarpon
Name authority (Desv. ex Ham.) B.E Hansen & Wunderlin (Elliott) Gould
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