Dichanthelium clandestinum |
Dichanthelium erectifolium |
|
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deer-tongue grass, deer-tongue rosette-panicgrass, deertongue, panic clandestin |
erect-leaf panicgrass, Florida panicgrass |
|
Habit | Plants forming large clumps, with rhizomes 3-5 mm thick. | Plants cespitose, with few culms. |
Culms | 50-140 cm, stout, pilose with papillose-based hairs to subglabrous; fall phase branching from the mid- and upper culm nodes, with a few, nearly erect, elongate branches, sparsely rebranching, sheaths overlapping, concealing the secondary panicles; nodes not swollen, glabrous or sparsely pubescent. |
30-75 cm, nearly erect, stiff, slightly fleshy or thickened; nodes glabrous, often with a constricted, yellowish ring; internodes glabrous; fall phase with few, long, suberect branches, sparingly rebranched, branches arising mostly from near the base. |
Cauline leaves | 5-10; sheaths not overlapping, striate-ribbed, narrowing above midlength, hispid to sparsely hirsute, hairs sometimes papillose-based, summits mottled with pale spots, margins ciliate, collars puberulent; ligules 0.4-0.9 mm, membranous; blades 10-25 cm long, 15-30 mm wide, flat, lanceolate, often rigid, glabrous or sparsely pubescent, with 9-13 major veins and 40-80 minor veins, bases cordate, with papillose-based cilia, apices acuminate. |
4-7; sheaths shorter than the internodes, mostly glabrous, margins ciliate; ligules 0.2-0.5 mm; blades 5-10 cm long, 5-10 mm wide, stiffly ascending, thick, glabrous, veins evident, bases cordate, with papillose-based cilia, margins whitish, cartilaginous. |
Spikelets | 2.4-3.6 mm long, 1.2-1.5 mm wide, narrowly ellipsoid, sparsely pubescent. |
1-1.4 mm, broadly obovoid-spherical, puberulent to subglabrous. |
Lower glumes | 1/3 – 1/2 as long as the spikelets, narrowly triangular; upper glumes and lower florets slightly shorter than the spikelets, with 7 or 9 prominent veins; lower florets sterile; upper florets umbonate, apices with a minute tuft of hairs. |
0.2-0.4 mm, acute, upper florets 0.8-1.1 mm, broadly ellipsoid, minutely umbonate. |
Basal | rosettes well-differentiated; sheaths pubescent; blades ovate to lanceolate. |
rosettes well-differentiated; blades numerous, to 15 cm, lowest blades ovate, upper blades lanceolate, grading into the cauline blades. |
Primary | panicles 8-16 cm long, 4-12 mm wide, exserted, with many spikelets. |
panicles 5-14 cm, 1/2 - 2/3 as wide as long, exserted. |
2n | = 36. |
= unknown. |
Dichanthelium clandestinum |
Dichanthelium erectifolium |
|
Distribution |
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MO; MS; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA; VT; WV; NS; ON; QC
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AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC |
Discussion | Dichanthelium clandestinum usually grows in semi-open areas in damp or sandy woodlands, thickets, or on banks. It is restricted to the eastern part of the Flora region. The primary panicles are open-pollinated for a brief period, and produced from late May to early July; the secondary panicles, which are cleistogamous and usually concealed within the sheaths, are produced from July through September. Panicum recognitum Fernald refers to rare sterile hybrids with Dichanthelium dichotomum and perhaps D. scoparium; P. aculeatum Hitchc. & Chase to putative sterile hybrids with D. scabriusculum or D. dichotomum. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Dichanthelium erectifolium grows in sand and peat in wet pinelands, bogs, and the shores of ponds. Its range extends from the southeastern Flora region into the Caribbean. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 25, p. 418. | FNA vol. 25, p. 440. |
Parent taxa | Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Dichanthelium > sect. Clandestina | Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Dichanthelium > sect. Sphaerocarpa |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Panicum latifolium var. clandestinum, Panicum clandestinum | Panicum erectifolium |
Name authority | (L.) Gould | (Nash) Gould & C.A. Clark |
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