Dichanthelium boreale
Dichanthelium pedicellatum
northern panicgrass, northern rosette-panicgrass, panic boreal
cedar rosette grass, corm-based panicgrass
18-75 cm, usually more than 1 mm thick, occasionally delicate, erect or ascending;
nodes glabrous;
internodes glabrous;
fall phase with decumbent culms, branches arising from the lower and midculm nodes, rebranching 2-3 times, with small blades and secondary panicles compared to those on the culms, secondary panicles with 8-10 spikelets, partially included at maturity.
20-70 cm, initially erect, with hard, cormlike bases;
nodes puberulent to sparsely hirsute;
internodes all elongated, puberulent to hirsute;
fall phase with decumbent culms, developing divaricate branches from the midculm nodes before the primary panicles mature.
3-5;
sheaths shorter than the internodes, lower sheaths pubescent, upper sheaths glabrous, margins of all sheaths sparsely ciliate;
ligules about 0.5 mm, of hairs;
blades 5-11 cm long, 5-13 mm wide, thin, spreading to erect, usually glabrous, rarely pubescent abaxially, always glabrous adaxially, bases truncate to cordate, ciliate on the margins, blades of the flag leaves erect or ascending.
4-7;
sheaths sometimes overlapping, puberulent to papillose-hispid, margins ciliate;
ligules 0.3-1 mm, membranous and ciliate;
blades 3-12 cm long, 2-8 mm wide, widening distal to the rounded or subcordate bases, thin, glabrous or sparsely hirsute, margins with papillose-based cilia.
2-2.2 mm long, 0.8-1.3 mm wide, ellipsoid, usually reddish, shortly pubescent, subacute.
3.2-4.4 mm long, 1.3-1.6 mm wide, narrowly obovoid-ellipsoid, papillose-hirsute, attenuate to the purplish bases.
0.5-1 mm, triangular-ovate;
lower florets sterile;
upper florets slightly exceeding the upper glumes and lower lemmas, subacute.
about 1/2 as long as the spikelets, narrowly triangular, subadjacent to the upper glumes, not encircling the pedicels;
upper glumes about 0.3 mm shorter than the upper florets;
lower florets sterile;
upper florets with pointed, minutely puberulent apices.
rosettes well-differentiated;
blades 2-4 cm, pubescent, reddish.
rosettes absent.
panicles 5-11 cm long, 3-8 cm wide, ovoid, long-exserted, with 40-220 spikelets.
panicles 3-6 cm long, 2-4 cm wide, exserted;
branches spreading at maturity;
pedicels somewhat divergent.
= 18.
= 18.
Dichanthelium boreale
Dichanthelium pedicellatum
Dichanthelium boreale grows in open woodlands and thickets, wet meadows, and fields. It is restricted to the Flora region. The primary panicles are mostly open-pollinated and are produced in May and June; the secondary panicles are predominantly cleistogamous and are produced from mid-June into October.
Dichanthelium boreale occasionally hybridizes with D. acuminatum and D. xanthophysum, producing a sterile triploid sometimes called Panicum calliphyllum Ashe.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Dichanthelium pedicellatum grows on limestone outcroppings and in dry, open oak woodlands. Its range extends from Texas into Mexico and Guatemala. Primary panicles develop from late March into June (and sometimes from late August to November) and are open-pollinated; secondary panicles develop from May into fall and are at least partly cleistogamous.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
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