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Sierra bleeding heart, Tulare County bleeding heart

few flower dicentra, few-flower bleeding-heart, shorthorn steer's-head

Habit Plants perennial, scapose, variably glaucous, from elongate, stout rhizomes. Plants perennial, scapose, from rhizomes or clusters of spindle-shaped tubers, bulblets often present at proximal ends of tubers or along rhizomes.
Leaves

(10-)15-25(-30) × (5-)8-12(-18) cm;

blade with 3-4 orders of leaflets and lobes;

penultimate lobes oblong, distal usually coarsely 3-toothed at apex, (3-)6-12(-20) × 1.5-4 mm.

(7-)9-13(-16) × 3-7(-10) cm;

petiole (2-)4-7(-10) cm;

blade with 3-4 orders of leaflets and lobes; ultimate lobes linear-lanceolate, (2-)7-13(-18) × 1.5-3 mm, occasionally irregular, minutely apiculate.

Inflorescences

paniculate, 2-20-flowered, shorter than to exceeding leaves;

bracts linear-lanceolate, 4-7(-10) × 1-1.5 mm, apex acuminate.

racemose, 1-3-flowered, barely exceeding leaves;

bracts ovate, 4-5 × 2-3 mm.

Flowers

pendent;

sepals ovate to acuminate-lanceolate, (3-)6-7(-12) × 1-3 mm;

petals white to pale yellow or rose-tinted;

outer petals 12-18 × 2-4 mm, reflexed portion 3-5 mm;

inner petals 11-17 mm, blade 2.5-3.5 mm, claw linear-elliptic to linear-lanceolate, 6-9 × 1-2 mm, crest 1-2 mm diam., exceeding apex by 1-2 mm;

filaments of each bundle connate from base to shortly below anthers except for a 2-6 mm portion of median filament just above base, distinct portion of median filament forming angular loop that projects into base of outer petal; nectariferous tissue borne along loop;

style 4-7 mm;

stigma rhomboid, 2-horned.

erect to nodding;

pedicels 5-25 mm;

sepals ovate to lanceolate, 5-8 × 2-4 mm;

outer petals white to pink, (15-)18-22(-25) × 3-6 mm, reflexed portion (5-)7-8(-11) mm;

inner petals purple, (15-)18-22(-24) mm, blade spoon-shaped, 2-3 mm, claw obovate-elliptic, ca. 10 × 3-4 mm, crest absent;

filaments of each bundle connate at base and near apex, distinct in between, distinct portion of median filament forming loop that almost doubles back to its proximal end; nectariferous tissue borne at lowermost point of loop and often extending to base of median filament;

style 7-11 mm;

stigma 2-lobed, much reduced, ca. 2 times wider than style.

Capsules

oblong, (10-)13-16(-20) × 4-5 mm.

spindle-shaped to ovoid, 10-15 × 4-6 mm.

Seeds

reniform, ca. 2 mm diam., finely reticulate, elaiosome present.

reniform, ca. 2 mm diam., smooth, elaiosome present.

2n

= 16.

= 16.

Dicentra nevadensis

Dicentra pauciflora

Phenology Flowering early–late summer. Flowering late spring–late summer.
Habitat High meadows, in gravelly soils Openings in coniferous forests, in volcanic and granitic soils
Elevation 2100-3300 m (6900-10800 ft) 1200-2700 m (3900-8900 ft)
Distribution
from USDA
Calif (Tulare County)
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; OR
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Of conservation concern.

In Dicentra nevadensis the median filament of each stamen bundle bends out in an angular loop between the base and midpoint; in D. formosa the median filaments lack such loops. Also, the flowers of D. nevadensis are smaller and narrower than those of D. formosa. Pressed flowers of D. nevadensis often turn black, suggesting possible chemical differences, other than in alkaloids, from D. formosa.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 3. FNA vol. 3.
Parent taxa Fumariaceae > Dicentra Fumariaceae > Dicentra
Sibling taxa
D. canadensis, D. chrysantha, D. cucullaria, D. eximia, D. formosa, D. ochroleuca, D. pauciflora, D. uniflora
D. canadensis, D. chrysantha, D. cucullaria, D. eximia, D. formosa, D. nevadensis, D. ochroleuca, D. uniflora
Synonyms D. formosa subsp. nevadensis
Name authority Eastwood: Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., ser. 4, 20: 143. (1931) S. Watson: Bot. California 2: 429. (1880)
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