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Tweedy's ticktrefoil

creeping tick trefoil, matty desmodium, three-flower beggarweed, threeflower ticktrefoil, tropical trefoil

Habit Herbs, perennial. Herbs, annual or perennial, often mat-forming; stoloniferous.
Stems

ascending or erect, usually striate, angled, 30–100 cm, densely uncinate-puberulent to -pubescent and sparsely glutinous-pilose.

prostrate, densely branched, 20–80 cm, ascending-pilose or strigose.

Leaves

trifoliolate;

stipules persistent, ovate, 7.5–14.5 mm;

petiole 40–90 mm;

leaflet blades narrowly ovate to ovate or broadly ovate, thick, leathery, apex acute, usually pale-blotched along midrib adaxially, surfaces uncinate-puberulent to -pubescent and villous;

terminal blade 40–120 × 20–66 mm, length 2 times width.

trifoliolate;

stipules persistent, narrowly ovate, 3–5 mm;

petiole 3–7.5 mm;

leaflet blades broadly obovate or cuneate-obovate, often folding downwards, apex emarginate, surfaces usually sparsely uncinate-puberulent or subappressed-pilose along midrib abaxially, rarely entire surface, glabrous adaxially;

terminal blade 5–10 × 3–11 mm, length 0.8–1.2 times width.

Inflorescences

branched or unbranched;

rachis densely uncinate-puberulent to -pubescent and glutinous-villous;

primary bracts ovate to broadly ovate, 7–10 mm.

terminal fascicles opposite distal leaf, appearing axillary, unbranched;

rachis pubescent;

primary bracts narrowly ovate, 4 mm.

Pedicels

8–25 mm, patent uncinate-pubescent and pilose.

8–12 mm.

Flowers

calyx 3–5 mm, puberulent and pubescent, ± glutinous, tube 1.2–1.5 mm;

abaxial lobes 2.5–4 mm, lateral lobes 1.5 mm;

corolla white, 7–8 mm.

calyx 2.5–3 mm, appressed-pubescent, tube 1.2 mm;

abaxial lobes 1.5–1.7 mm, lateral lobes 1.5–1.7 mm, adaxial lobes deeply 2-toothed;

corolla pale pink to purplish, 4–5 mm, keel distinctly longer than wings.

Loments

sutures nearly equally crenate;

connections adaxial, 1/4 as broad as segments;

segments (2 or)3–5(or 6), subrhombic, 6–8 × 4 mm, obtusely angled abaxially, somewhat angled adaxially, densely uncinate-pubescent throughout;

stipe 2–4 mm.

sutures weakly crenate abaxially, with broad connection between segments, barely sinuate adaxially;

connections 2/3–4/5 as broad as segments;

segments 3–5, nearly square, 2.5–3.5 × 2.5–3 mm, symmetrically convex abaxially, slightly concave adaxially, inconspicuously uncinate-pubescent or glabrescent;

stipe 0 mm.

2n

= 22.

Desmodium tweedyi

Desmodium triflorum

Phenology Flowering early summer. Flowering year-round.
Habitat Woodlands near creeks, usually calcareous soils. Ruderal areas, lawns, disturbed open woodlands.
Elevation 200–800 m. (700–2600 ft.) 0–50 m. (0–200 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
OK; TX
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
FL; LA; Central America; South America; Mexico (Jalisco, Sinaloa); West Indies; Asia; Africa [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Indian Ocean Islands, Pacific Islands, Australia]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Desmodium tweedyi is known from the Edwards Plateau area and north-central Texas northward to central Oklahoma.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Inflorescences of Desmodium triflorum are produced opposite the leaf at the distal end of stem and are usually described as axillary. The branching system of D. triflorum is a monopodial sympodium and the inflorescences are terminal (H. Ohashi and T. Nemoto 1986). Evolution of inflorescences in Desmodium is inferred from comparative morphology and anatomy with Campylotropis, Kummerowia, and Lespedeza (Nemoto and Ohashi 1990, 1993, 1996).

Based on molecular and morphological data, H. Ohashi and K. Ohashi (2018) transferred Desmodium triflorum and the other species formerly in Desmodium sects. Nicolsonia (de Candolle) Bentham and Sagotia (Duchassaing & Walpers) Bentham to the genus Grona Loureiro.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Desmodium Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Desmodium
Sibling taxa
D. arizonicum, D. batocaulon, D. canadense, D. canescens, D. cinerascens, D. cuspidatum, D. floridanum, D. grahamii, D. gramineum, D. illinoense, D. incanum, D. intortum, D. laevigatum, D. lindheimeri, D. lineatum, D. marilandicum, D. metcalfei, D. nuttallii, D. ochroleucum, D. paniculatum, D. procumbens, D. psilocarpum, D. psilophyllum, D. retinens, D. rosei, D. rotundifolium, D. scopulorum, D. scorpiurus, D. sessilifolium, D. strictum, D. tenuifolium, D. tortuosum, D. triflorum, D. viridiflorum, D. ×humifusum
D. arizonicum, D. batocaulon, D. canadense, D. canescens, D. cinerascens, D. cuspidatum, D. floridanum, D. grahamii, D. gramineum, D. illinoense, D. incanum, D. intortum, D. laevigatum, D. lindheimeri, D. lineatum, D. marilandicum, D. metcalfei, D. nuttallii, D. ochroleucum, D. paniculatum, D. procumbens, D. psilocarpum, D. psilophyllum, D. retinens, D. rosei, D. rotundifolium, D. scopulorum, D. scorpiurus, D. sessilifolium, D. strictum, D. tenuifolium, D. tortuosum, D. tweedyi, D. viridiflorum, D. ×humifusum
Synonyms Meibomia tweedyi Hedysarum triflorum, Grona triflora, Meibomia triflora, Sagotia triflora
Name authority Britton: Trans. New York Acad. Sci. 9: 183. (1890) (Linnaeus) de Candolle in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle: Prodr. 2: 334. (1825)
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