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Tweedy's ticktrefoil

arrow-leaf tick-trefoil, panicle tick-trefoil, panicle tickclover, panicledleaf ticktrefoil

Habit Herbs, perennial. Herbs, perennial; base woody, rootstock thick.
Stems

ascending or erect, usually striate, angled, 30–100 cm, densely uncinate-puberulent to -pubescent and sparsely glutinous-pilose.

erect or ascending, usually striate, 30–100(–150) cm, glabrous or sparsely to densely uncinate-puberulent or conspicuously pilose or glabrescent.

Leaves

trifoliolate;

stipules persistent, ovate, 7.5–14.5 mm;

petiole 40–90 mm;

leaflet blades narrowly ovate to ovate or broadly ovate, thick, leathery, apex acute, usually pale-blotched along midrib adaxially, surfaces uncinate-puberulent to -pubescent and villous;

terminal blade 40–120 × 20–66 mm, length 2 times width.

trifoliolate;

stipules caducous, subulate to narrowly ovate-deltate, 2–6 mm;

petiole (10–)20–50 mm;

leaflet blades polymorphic, linear, narrowly ovate, narrowly ovate-oblong, ovate, broadly ovate to subrounded, or rhombic, usually thin, rarely thick, papery, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces closely to subdensely appressed pilose, inconspicuously reticulate-veined abaxially, sparsely appressed-puberulent and pilose adaxially;

terminal blade 20–100 × 8–65 mm, length 1–8 times width.

Inflorescences

branched or unbranched;

rachis densely uncinate-puberulent to -pubescent and glutinous-villous;

primary bracts ovate to broadly ovate, 7–10 mm.

terminal panicles and axillary racemes, branched, very diffuse;

rachis moderately to densely uncinate-puberulent to -pubescent;

primary bracts narrowly ovate, 1–3.5 mm.

Pedicels

8–25 mm, patent uncinate-pubescent and pilose.

(3–)6–12(–20) mm.

Flowers

calyx 3–5 mm, puberulent and pubescent, ± glutinous, tube 1.2–1.5 mm;

abaxial lobes 2.5–4 mm, lateral lobes 1.5 mm;

corolla white, 7–8 mm.

calyx 2–3 mm, pubescent, tube 1–1.5 mm;

abaxial lobes 2 mm, lateral lobes 1 mm;

corolla lilac to purple, 6–9 mm.

Loments

sutures nearly equally crenate;

connections adaxial, 1/4 as broad as segments;

segments (2 or)3–5(or 6), subrhombic, 6–8 × 4 mm, obtusely angled abaxially, somewhat angled adaxially, densely uncinate-pubescent throughout;

stipe 2–4 mm.

sutures deeply crenate or dentate abaxially, sinuate adaxially;

connections adaxial, 1/5–1/3 as broad as segments;

segments (2 or)3–5, deltate to rhombic, (4–)5–10 × 3–5 mm, angled abaxially (sometimes obtusely), convex adaxially, uncinate-puberulent to -pubescent;

stipe 1–7 mm.

2n

= 22.

Desmodium tweedyi

Desmodium paniculatum

Phenology Flowering early summer.
Habitat Woodlands near creeks, usually calcareous soils.
Elevation 200–800 m. (700–2600 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
OK; TX
[BONAP county map]
from USDA
North America [Introduced in e Asia (Japan)]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Desmodium tweedyi is known from the Edwards Plateau area and north-central Texas northward to central Oklahoma.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

Desmodium paniculatum is allied with D. fernaldii, D. glabellum, and D. perplexum, and the four are called the D. paniculatum Group, which is characterized by having straight loments with 3–5 angled segments. These species have been studied intensively by B. G. Schubert (1950, 1950b) and D. Isely (1953, 1983b, 1990, 1998). According to Isely (1990, 1998), D. paniculatum intergrades with both D. perplexum and D. glabellum, resulting in a continuum of variation among the members of the D. paniculatum Group that suggests introgression, including: D. paniculatum × D. perplexum; D. paniculatum × D. glabellum; and D. glabellum × D. perplexum. They are treated here as varieties of a single polymorphic species. The varieties are distinguished by somewhat continuous or overlapping characters.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Leaflet blade surfaces slightly strigose to conspicuously subappressed-villous, sometimes uncinate-pubescent abaxially; stems and petioles glabrescent to conspicuously pilose or uncinate-pubescent.
var. paniculatum
1. Leaflet blade surfaces uncinate-puberulent on veins, sparsely strigulose abaxially; stems and petioles glabrous or uncinate-pubescent.
var. fernaldii
Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Desmodium Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Desmodium
Sibling taxa
D. arizonicum, D. batocaulon, D. canadense, D. canescens, D. cinerascens, D. cuspidatum, D. floridanum, D. grahamii, D. gramineum, D. illinoense, D. incanum, D. intortum, D. laevigatum, D. lindheimeri, D. lineatum, D. marilandicum, D. metcalfei, D. nuttallii, D. ochroleucum, D. paniculatum, D. procumbens, D. psilocarpum, D. psilophyllum, D. retinens, D. rosei, D. rotundifolium, D. scopulorum, D. scorpiurus, D. sessilifolium, D. strictum, D. tenuifolium, D. tortuosum, D. triflorum, D. viridiflorum, D. ×humifusum
D. arizonicum, D. batocaulon, D. canadense, D. canescens, D. cinerascens, D. cuspidatum, D. floridanum, D. grahamii, D. gramineum, D. illinoense, D. incanum, D. intortum, D. laevigatum, D. lindheimeri, D. lineatum, D. marilandicum, D. metcalfei, D. nuttallii, D. ochroleucum, D. procumbens, D. psilocarpum, D. psilophyllum, D. retinens, D. rosei, D. rotundifolium, D. scopulorum, D. scorpiurus, D. sessilifolium, D. strictum, D. tenuifolium, D. tortuosum, D. triflorum, D. tweedyi, D. viridiflorum, D. ×humifusum
Subordinate taxa
D. paniculatum var. fernaldii, D. paniculatum var. paniculatum
Synonyms Meibomia tweedyi Hedysarum paniculatum, Meibomia paniculata
Name authority Britton: Trans. New York Acad. Sci. 9: 183. (1890) (Linnaeus) de Candolle in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle: Prodr. 2: 329. (1825)
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