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creeping tick trefoil, matty desmodium, three-flower beggarweed, threeflower ticktrefoil, tropical trefoil

prostrate ticktrefoil, round-leaf tick-trefoil, round-leaf trailing tick-trefoil

Habit Herbs, annual or perennial, often mat-forming; stoloniferous. Herbs, perennial.
Stems

prostrate, densely branched, 20–80 cm, ascending-pilose or strigose.

prostrate, (50–)100–200(–300) cm, villous and uncinate-puberulent.

Leaves

trifoliolate;

stipules persistent, narrowly ovate, 3–5 mm;

petiole 3–7.5 mm;

leaflet blades broadly obovate or cuneate-obovate, often folding downwards, apex emarginate, surfaces usually sparsely uncinate-puberulent or subappressed-pilose along midrib abaxially, rarely entire surface, glabrous adaxially;

terminal blade 5–10 × 3–11 mm, length 0.8–1.2 times width.

trifoliolate;

stipules mostly persistent, reflexed, broadly ovate, 5–12 mm, base obliquely cordate, subamplexicaul;

petiole 2–4.6 mm;

leaflet blades transversely elliptic, orbiculate, or broadly ovate, apex emarginate, retuse, rounded, or obtuse, surfaces densely spreading-villous abaxially, appressed-villous adaxially;

terminal blade 20–60 × 25–55 mm, length 0.8–1.2 times width.

Inflorescences

terminal fascicles opposite distal leaf, appearing axillary, unbranched;

rachis pubescent;

primary bracts narrowly ovate, 4 mm.

terminal or axillary and erect, usually unbranched, rarely branched;

rachis shortly hirsute or sparsely uncinate-puberulent;

primary bracts broadly ovate, 5–6 mm.

Pedicels

8–12 mm.

(5–)10–15 mm.

Flowers

calyx 2.5–3 mm, appressed-pubescent, tube 1.2 mm;

abaxial lobes 1.5–1.7 mm, lateral lobes 1.5–1.7 mm, adaxial lobes deeply 2-toothed;

corolla pale pink to purplish, 4–5 mm, keel distinctly longer than wings.

calyx (4–)5–6 mm, uncinate-puberulent and sparsely pilose, tube 1.5 mm;

abaxial lobes 3–5 mm, lateral lobes 3.5–4.5 mm;

corolla pink, fading blue-purple, 9–11 mm.

Loments

sutures weakly crenate abaxially, with broad connection between segments, barely sinuate adaxially;

connections 2/3–4/5 as broad as segments;

segments 3–5, nearly square, 2.5–3.5 × 2.5–3 mm, symmetrically convex abaxially, slightly concave adaxially, inconspicuously uncinate-pubescent or glabrescent;

stipe 0 mm.

sutures deeply crenate abaxially, crenate adaxially;

connections adaxial, 1/6–1/4 as broad as segments;

segments 3–6(or 7), subrhombic to elliptic, 4.5–7.5 × 4–5 mm, reticulate, obtusely angled abaxially, convex adaxially, uncinate-puberulent throughout;

stipe 3–6 mm.

2n

= 22.

= 22.

Desmodium triflorum

Desmodium rotundifolium

Phenology Flowering year-round. Flowering summer–fall.
Habitat Ruderal areas, lawns, disturbed open woodlands. Open woodlands, bottoms of steep uplands, borders, recently cleared areas, ruderal sites.
Elevation 0–50 m. (0–200 ft.) 0–1000 m. (0–3300 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
FL; LA; Central America; South America; Mexico (Jalisco, Sinaloa); West Indies; Asia; Africa [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Indian Ocean Islands, Pacific Islands, Australia]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MI; MO; MS; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA; VT; WV; ON
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Inflorescences of Desmodium triflorum are produced opposite the leaf at the distal end of stem and are usually described as axillary. The branching system of D. triflorum is a monopodial sympodium and the inflorescences are terminal (H. Ohashi and T. Nemoto 1986). Evolution of inflorescences in Desmodium is inferred from comparative morphology and anatomy with Campylotropis, Kummerowia, and Lespedeza (Nemoto and Ohashi 1990, 1993, 1996).

Based on molecular and morphological data, H. Ohashi and K. Ohashi (2018) transferred Desmodium triflorum and the other species formerly in Desmodium sects. Nicolsonia (de Candolle) Bentham and Sagotia (Duchassaing & Walpers) Bentham to the genus Grona Loureiro.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Desmodium rotundifolium, with relatively small leaflets, resembles 15. D. lineatum, which has loments with 2–4 segments and uncinate stem hairs (D. Isely 1998).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Desmodium Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Desmodium
Sibling taxa
D. arizonicum, D. batocaulon, D. canadense, D. canescens, D. cinerascens, D. cuspidatum, D. floridanum, D. grahamii, D. gramineum, D. illinoense, D. incanum, D. intortum, D. laevigatum, D. lindheimeri, D. lineatum, D. marilandicum, D. metcalfei, D. nuttallii, D. ochroleucum, D. paniculatum, D. procumbens, D. psilocarpum, D. psilophyllum, D. retinens, D. rosei, D. rotundifolium, D. scopulorum, D. scorpiurus, D. sessilifolium, D. strictum, D. tenuifolium, D. tortuosum, D. tweedyi, D. viridiflorum, D. ×humifusum
D. arizonicum, D. batocaulon, D. canadense, D. canescens, D. cinerascens, D. cuspidatum, D. floridanum, D. grahamii, D. gramineum, D. illinoense, D. incanum, D. intortum, D. laevigatum, D. lindheimeri, D. lineatum, D. marilandicum, D. metcalfei, D. nuttallii, D. ochroleucum, D. paniculatum, D. procumbens, D. psilocarpum, D. psilophyllum, D. retinens, D. rosei, D. scopulorum, D. scorpiurus, D. sessilifolium, D. strictum, D. tenuifolium, D. tortuosum, D. triflorum, D. tweedyi, D. viridiflorum, D. ×humifusum
Synonyms Hedysarum triflorum, Grona triflora, Meibomia triflora, Sagotia triflora Hedysarum rotundifolium, D. rotundifolium var. glabratum, Meibomia rotundifolia
Name authority (Linnaeus) de Candolle in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle: Prodr. 2: 334. (1825) de Candolle in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle: Prodr. 2: 330. (1825)
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