Desmodium triflorum |
Desmodium illinoense |
|
---|---|---|
creeping tick trefoil, matty desmodium, three-flower beggarweed, threeflower ticktrefoil, tropical trefoil |
Illinois tickclover, Illinois ticktrefoil |
|
Habit | Herbs, annual or perennial, often mat-forming; stoloniferous. | Herbs, perennial. |
Stems | prostrate, densely branched, 20–80 cm, ascending-pilose or strigose. |
ascending to erect, branched or unbranched, 50–100 cm, medially uncinate-pubescent, sometimes also ± pilose. |
Leaves | trifoliolate; stipules persistent, narrowly ovate, 3–5 mm; petiole 3–7.5 mm; leaflet blades broadly obovate or cuneate-obovate, often folding downwards, apex emarginate, surfaces usually sparsely uncinate-puberulent or subappressed-pilose along midrib abaxially, rarely entire surface, glabrous adaxially; terminal blade 5–10 × 3–11 mm, length 0.8–1.2 times width. |
trifoliolate; stipules persistent, ovate, 8–15 mm, base amplexicaul, pilose-ciliate; petiole 30–50 mm; leaflet blades narrowly ovate to ovate, thick, papery, apex acute to rounded, surfaces conspicuously reticulate-veined abaxially, uncinate-puberulent on veins abaxially, sparsely spreading-villous or glabrous adaxially; terminal blade 35–80 × 30–70 mm, length 1.5–3 times width. |
Inflorescences | terminal fascicles opposite distal leaf, appearing axillary, unbranched; rachis pubescent; primary bracts narrowly ovate, 4 mm. |
usually unbranched; rachis patent-pilose and uncinate-puberulent; primary bracts narrowly ovate, 4–5 mm. |
Pedicels | 8–12 mm. |
7–15(–23) mm. |
Flowers | calyx 2.5–3 mm, appressed-pubescent, tube 1.2 mm; abaxial lobes 1.5–1.7 mm, lateral lobes 1.5–1.7 mm, adaxial lobes deeply 2-toothed; corolla pale pink to purplish, 4–5 mm, keel distinctly longer than wings. |
calyx 4–5 mm, uncinate-puberulent and pilose, tube 2–3 mm; abaxial lobes 2.5 mm, lateral lobes 2 mm; corolla purplish, 6–8 mm. |
Loments | sutures weakly crenate abaxially, with broad connection between segments, barely sinuate adaxially; connections 2/3–4/5 as broad as segments; segments 3–5, nearly square, 2.5–3.5 × 2.5–3 mm, symmetrically convex abaxially, slightly concave adaxially, inconspicuously uncinate-pubescent or glabrescent; stipe 0 mm. |
sutures equally crenate; connections central, 1/2–4/5 as broad as segments; segments 4–7, elliptic or suborbiculate, 4–7 × 3.5–5 mm, symmetrically convex abaxially and adaxially, densely uncinate-puberulent and villous; stipe 2–4 mm. |
2n | = 22. |
|
Desmodium triflorum |
Desmodium illinoense |
|
Phenology | Flowering year-round. | Flowering summer(–fall). |
Habitat | Ruderal areas, lawns, disturbed open woodlands. | Prairie relics, thickets, roadsides. |
Elevation | 0–50 m. (0–200 ft.) | 100–500 m. (300–1600 ft.) |
Distribution |
FL; LA; Central America; South America; Mexico (Jalisco, Sinaloa); West Indies; Asia; Africa [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Indian Ocean Islands, Pacific Islands, Australia]
|
AR; IA; IL; IN; KS; MI; MN; MO; NE; OH; OK; SD; TX; WI
|
Discussion | Inflorescences of Desmodium triflorum are produced opposite the leaf at the distal end of stem and are usually described as axillary. The branching system of D. triflorum is a monopodial sympodium and the inflorescences are terminal (H. Ohashi and T. Nemoto 1986). Evolution of inflorescences in Desmodium is inferred from comparative morphology and anatomy with Campylotropis, Kummerowia, and Lespedeza (Nemoto and Ohashi 1990, 1993, 1996). Based on molecular and morphological data, H. Ohashi and K. Ohashi (2018) transferred Desmodium triflorum and the other species formerly in Desmodium sects. Nicolsonia (de Candolle) Bentham and Sagotia (Duchassaing & Walpers) Bentham to the genus Grona Loureiro. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Desmodium illinoense is considered extirpated from Ontario, where it was collected once in 1888 near London. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Desmodium | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Desmodium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Hedysarum triflorum, Grona triflora, Meibomia triflora, Sagotia triflora | Meibomia illinoensis |
Name authority | (Linnaeus) de Candolle in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle: Prodr. 2: 334. (1825) | A. Gray: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 8: 289. (1870) |
Web links |