Desmodium tortuosum |
Desmodium grahamii |
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Dixie tick trefoil |
Graham's tick trefoil |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial. | Herbs, perennial, sometimes mat-forming; rhizomatous. |
Stems | erect, 50–200 cm, medially uncinate-pubescent and patent-villous. |
prostrate, decumbent, or trailing, branched from base, 25–70 cm, uncinate-puberulent to -pubescent. |
Leaves | trifoliolate; stipules persistent, often patent or reflexed, obliquely ovate and apex acuminate or narrowly ovate and apex aristate, 3–12.5 mm, base amplexicaul; petiole 8–50 mm; leaflet blades narrowly ovate to ovate, elliptic, or rhombic, apex obtuse or acute, surfaces obscurely prominently reticulate-veined abaxially, uncinate-puberulent and strigose or subappressed-villous; terminal blade (20–)40–150 × 10–50 mm, length 2–3 times width. |
usually trifoliolate, rarely unifoliolate proximally; stipules persistent, reflexed, narrowly deltate, 3–5.5 mm; petiole 12–20 mm; leaflet blades pale green abaxially, broadly ovate to suborbiculate, apex obtuse, surfaces clearly reticulate-veined abaxially, prominently reticulate-veined adaxially, loosely strigulose or glabrescent abaxially, appressed, bulbous-pilose adaxially; terminal blade 20–45 × 15–25 mm, length 1.2–1.7 times width. |
Inflorescences | branched or unbranched; rachis villous (often with bulbous hairs) and uncinate-puberulent, or only uncinate-puberulent; primary bracts caducous, narrowly ovate, 4 mm. |
terminal and unbranched; rachis densely patent uncinate-pubescent and often bulbous-pilose; primary bracts ovate, 4.5–6.5 mm. |
Pedicels | 10–15 mm. |
10–15 mm. |
Flowers | calyx 1.5–3 mm, uncinate-puberulent, tube to 1 mm; abaxial lobes 2 mm, lateral lobes 1 mm; corolla lavender, 4–6 mm. |
calyx 5–6 mm, pubescent, tube 1 mm; abaxial lobes 4–5 mm, lateral lobes 3–4 mm; corolla pink, lilac to purple, or greenish white, 7–8 mm. |
Loments | margins alternately involute and revolute, sutures equally crenate, twisted conspicuously when young; connections central, 1/4 as broad as segments; segments (3 or)4–7, orbiculate, broadly elliptic, or rhombic, 3–4.5 × 3–3.5 mm, rounded abaxially and adaxially, densely uncinate-pubescent; stipe 0.5–1 mm. |
sutures crenate abaxially, strongly crenate adaxially; connections adaxial, 1/3 as broad as segments; segments (2 or)3–6, elliptic to suborbiculate, 4.5–8 × 3–5 mm, symmetrically rounded abaxially, convex adaxially, densely uncinate-pubescent throughout; stipe 3–3.5 mm. |
2n | = 22. |
= 22. |
Desmodium tortuosum |
Desmodium grahamii |
|
Phenology | Flowering summer–fall (year-round). | Flowering late summer–fall. |
Habitat | Open, disturbed sites, ruderal areas, pinelands, savannas. | Pine, juniper, oak woodlands, grasslands, canyons, sandy alluvia along streams, moist areas, roadsides. |
Elevation | 0–300 m. (0–1000 ft.) | 1600–2400 m. (5200–7900 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC; TX; Central America; South America; Mexico (Chiapas, Colima, Guerrero, Jalisco, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Sinaloa, Sonora); West Indies [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Asia, Africa, Indian Ocean Islands, Pacific Islands, Australia]
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AZ; NM; TX; Mexico (Baja California, Baja California Sur, Chihuahua, Coahuila, México, Puebla, Sonora, Tamaulipas)
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Discussion | Desmodium tortuosum is most easily distinguished from its relatives by the thick leaflets with prominent reticulate venation, the large persistent stipules, and the long, stiff, ascending to spreading pedicels (B. G. Schubert 1980). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
In the flora area, Desmodium grahamii is known from the trans-Pecos region of Texas; it is also found in the southern half of Arizona, and southwestern New Mexico. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Desmodium | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Desmodium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Hedysarum tortuosum, Meibomia purpurea, M. tortuosa | Meibomia grahamii |
Name authority | (Swartz) de Candolle in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle: Prodr. 2: 332. (1825) | A. Gray: Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 5(6): 48. (1853) — (as grahami) |
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