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Maryland tickclover, smooth small-leaf tick-trefoil

sessile tickclover, sessile-leaf tick-trefoil, sessileleaf tickclover

Habit Herbs, perennial. Herbs, perennial; base woody, rootstock thick, woody.
Stems

ascending to erect, usually striate, branched or unbranched, 30–150 cm, glabrous or sparsely to densely uncinate-puberulent, sometimes also patent long-pilose.

ascending to erect, usually striate, mostly unbranched, 50–100(–150) cm, medially uncinate-puberulent and uncinate-pubescent.

Leaves

trifoliolate;

stipules caducous or moderately persistent, subulate to narrowly ovate, 2–5 mm;

petiole 1–30 mm;

leaflet blades narrowly ovate, elliptic, elliptic-ovate, ovate-rhombic, or suborbiculate, apex obtuse or acute, mucronulate, surfaces sparsely to densely uncinate-puberulent and appressed-villous abaxially, uncinate-puberulent or glabrescent adaxially;

terminal blade 9–75 × 6–33 mm, length 1.5–4(–5) times width.

trifoliolate;

stipules moderately persistent, narrowly ovate, 4–9.5 mm, apex often awn-tipped;

petiole 1–5 mm;

leaflet blades narrowly elliptic to linear, apex obtuse or acute, surfaces prominently reticulate-veined abaxially, uncinate-puberulent and subappressed pubescent abaxially, glabrate or sparsely pubescent adaxially;

terminal blade (30–)40–85 × 5–15 mm, length 4–10 times width.

Inflorescences

terminal and branched, axillary and unbranched;

rachis uncinate-puberulent;

primary bracts ovate, 1.5–3 mm.

terminal and branched;

rachis terete to subangulate, densely uncinate-puberulent and sparsely pilose;

primary bracts ovate, 2.5–3 mm.

Pedicels

3–19 mm, uncinate-puberulent.

2–5 mm.

Flowers

calyx 1.5–2.5 mm, pubescent (not uncinate-puberulent), tube 1 mm;

abaxial lobes 1.2–1.5 mm, lateral lobes 1 mm;

corolla usually lavender to red-violet or pink-purple, rarely white, 4–6 mm.

calyx 2.5–3 mm, puberulent, tube 1.5 mm;

abaxial lobes ovate, 1.5 mm, lateral lobes ovate, 1 mm;

corolla pale lavender to reddish purple, 5 mm.

Loments

sutures crenate abaxially, sinuate adaxially;

connections adaxial, 1/4–1/2 as broad as segments;

segments 1–4, broadly elliptic, 3.5–5.5 × 2.5–4 mm, rounded abaxially, convex adaxially, uncinate-puberulent throughout;

stipe 1–2 mm.

sutures deeply crenate abaxially, sinuate adaxially;

connections adaxial, 1/3 as broad as segments;

segments (1 or)2(–4), semiorbiculate, 4.5–6 × 3–4.5 mm, symmetrically rounded abaxially, nearly straight or convex adaxially, densely uncinate-puberulent throughout;

stipe 1–3 mm.

2n

= 22.

= 22.

Desmodium marilandicum

Desmodium sessilifolium

Phenology Flowering summer–fall.
Habitat Open, dry upland woods, abandoned fields, roadsides.
Elevation 0–500 m. (0–1600 ft.)
Distribution
from USDA
e United States; sc United States; West Indies
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; AR; CT; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MI; MO; MS; NC; NE; NJ; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 3 (3 in the flora).

Desmodium ciliare, D. lancifolium, and D. marilandicum have generally been recognized as closely related but distinct species in floras of the United States. They commonly have two or three articulate, small loments. D. Isely (1990, 1998) grouped them as the D. ciliare Group and regarded forms intermediate between them as putative hybrids: D. ciliare × D. marilandicum and D. ciliare × D. lancifolium. They have been separated by differences in the leaflets and pubescence, but the differences are not always clear. They are treated here as one species with three varieties.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Desmodium sessilifolium is considered extirpated from Ontario.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Terminal leaflet blades elliptic-ovate to narrowly ovate, 50–75 × 20–33 mm, apex acute to obtuse.
var. lancifolium
1. Terminal leaflet blades elliptic, ovate, ovate-rhombic, or suborbiculate, 9–40 × 6–17 mm, apex obtuse.
→ 2
2. Petioles 12–30 mm, sparsely uncinate-puberulent; stems with a few, scattered hairs; pedicels (6–)8–19 mm.
var. marilandicum
2. Petioles 1–15 mm; stems and petioles uncinate-puberulent and patent long-pilose; pedicels.
var. ciliare
Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Desmodium Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Desmodium
Sibling taxa
D. arizonicum, D. batocaulon, D. canadense, D. canescens, D. cinerascens, D. cuspidatum, D. floridanum, D. grahamii, D. gramineum, D. illinoense, D. incanum, D. intortum, D. laevigatum, D. lindheimeri, D. lineatum, D. metcalfei, D. nuttallii, D. ochroleucum, D. paniculatum, D. procumbens, D. psilocarpum, D. psilophyllum, D. retinens, D. rosei, D. rotundifolium, D. scopulorum, D. scorpiurus, D. sessilifolium, D. strictum, D. tenuifolium, D. tortuosum, D. triflorum, D. tweedyi, D. viridiflorum, D. ×humifusum
D. arizonicum, D. batocaulon, D. canadense, D. canescens, D. cinerascens, D. cuspidatum, D. floridanum, D. grahamii, D. gramineum, D. illinoense, D. incanum, D. intortum, D. laevigatum, D. lindheimeri, D. lineatum, D. marilandicum, D. metcalfei, D. nuttallii, D. ochroleucum, D. paniculatum, D. procumbens, D. psilocarpum, D. psilophyllum, D. retinens, D. rosei, D. rotundifolium, D. scopulorum, D. scorpiurus, D. strictum, D. tenuifolium, D. tortuosum, D. triflorum, D. tweedyi, D. viridiflorum, D. ×humifusum
Subordinate taxa
D. marilandicum var. ciliare, D. marilandicum var. lancifolium, D. marilandicum var. marilandicum
Synonyms Hedysarum marilandicum, Meibomia marilandica Meibomia sessilifolia
Name authority (Linnaeus) de Candolle in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle: Prodr. 2: 328. (1825) — (as marylandicum) Torrey & A. Gray: Fl. N. Amer. 1: 363. (1840)
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